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Review
. 2022 Feb 28;434(4):167301.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167301. Epub 2021 Oct 13.

Pyroptosis-Induced Inflammation and Tissue Damage

Yinan Wei  1 , Ling Yang  2 , Ankit Pandeya  2 , Jian Cui  2 , Yan Zhang  3 , Zhenyu Li  4
Affiliations
Review

Pyroptosis-Induced Inflammation and Tissue Damage

Yinan Wei et al. J Mol Biol. .

Abstract

Programmed cell deaths are pathways involving cells playing an active role in their own destruction. Depending on the signaling system of the process, programmed cell death can be divided into two categories, pro-inflammatory and non-inflammatory. Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Upon cell death, a plethora of cytokines are released and trigger a cascade of responses from the neighboring cells. The pyroptosis process is a double-edged sword, could be both beneficial and detrimental in various inflammatory disorders and disease conditions. A physiological outcome of these responses is tissue damage, and sometimes death of the host. In this review, we focus on the inflammatory response triggered by pyroptosis, and resulting tissue damage in selected organs.

Keywords: coagulation; inflammasome; pyroptosis; tissue damage.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations of interest None.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Inflammasome activation and pyroptosis.
Various PAMPs and DAMPs are recognized by both membrane and cytoplasmic receptors, leading to a series of signaling cascades, expression of cytokines and inflammasome sensers and adaptors, and assembly of either canonical or non-canonical inflammasome. As a result, caspases are activated and subsequently cleave gasdermins (primarily GSDMD) and pro-cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Pore-formation and release of cytokines and tissue factor lead to cell lysis, inflammation, coagulation, and tissue damage. Created with biorender.com.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Inflammasomes activation and pyroptosis induced organ damages and disease conditions. NLRP1, NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 1; NLRP3, NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3; NLRC4, NOD-like receptor family, CARD containing 4; AIM2, absent in melanoma 2; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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