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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2021 Oct 7:2021:9441896.
doi: 10.1155/2021/9441896. eCollection 2021.

A Novel Systematic Oxidative Stress Score Predicts the Prognosis of Patients with Operable Breast Cancer

Kaiming Zhang  1 , Liqin Ping  2 , Tian Du  1 , Yan Wang  1 , Ya Sun  1 , Gehao Liang  1 , Xi Wang  1 , Xiaoming Xie  1 , Weidong Wei  1 , Xiangsheng Xiao  1 , Jun Tang  1
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

A Novel Systematic Oxidative Stress Score Predicts the Prognosis of Patients with Operable Breast Cancer

Kaiming Zhang et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. .

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer was associated with imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation. Local oxidative stress in tumors is closely related to the occurrence and development of breast cancer. However, the relationship between systematic oxidative stress and breast cancer remains unclear. This study is aimed at exploring the prognostic value of systematic oxidative stress in patients with operable breast cancer.

Methods: A total of 1583 operable female breast cancer patients were randomly assigned into the training set and validation set. The relationship between systematic oxidative stress biomarkers and prognosis were analyzed in the training and validation sets.

Results: The systematic oxidative stress score (SOS) was established based on five systematic oxidative stress biomarkers including serum creatinine (CRE), serum albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). SOS was an independent prognostic factor for operable breast cancer patients. A nomogram based on SOS and clinical characteristics could accurately predict the prognosis of operable breast cancer patients, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram was 0.823 in the training set and 0.872 in the validation set, which was much higher than the traditional prognostic indicators.

Conclusions: SOS is an independent prognostic indicator for operable breast cancer patients. A prediction model based on SOS could accurately predict the outcome of operable breast cancer patients.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SOS is related with OS of breast cancer patients. (a, b) Systematic oxidative stress indicators were included in the univariate Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis in the training set. (c) The specific calculation formula of SOS. (d, e) The distribution of SOS in breast cancer patients. (f) Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the OS of high-SOS patients was longer than that of low-SOS patients in the training set. (g) Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the OS of high-SOS patients was longer than that of low-SOS patients in the validation set.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Subgroup-based survival analysis for patients with breast cancer. (a) Kaplan-Meier analysis for the OS of patients with AJCC staging I breast cancer. (b) Kaplan-Meier analysis for the OS of patients with AJCC staging II breast cancer. (c) Kaplan-Meier analysis for the OS of patients with AJCC staging III breast cancer. (d) Kaplan-Meier analysis for the OS of patients with nontriple-negative breast cancer. (e) Kaplan-Meier analysis for the OS of patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nomogram could predict the OS of breast cancer patients. (a) Nomogram for predicting the OS of patients with breast cancer. (b) Calibration plot of the nomogram for 3-year overall survival in the training cohort. (c) Calibration plot of the nomogram for 3-year overall survival in the validation cohort. (d) Calibration plot of the nomogram for 5-year overall survival in the training cohort. (e) Calibration plot of the nomogram for 5-year overall survival in the validation cohort.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The predictive accuracy of our nomogram is much better than that of previous prognostic indicators. (a). Time-dependent ROC curves were used to determine the prognostic value of the nomogram in the training set. (b) Time-dependent ROC curves were used to determine the prognostic value of the nomogram in the validation set. (c–h) Area under the ROC curves was used to compared the prognostic value of the nomogram and previous prognostic indicators for predicting 2-year overall survival, 3-year overall survival, or 5-year overall survival in the training set and validation set.
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