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Review
. 2021 Sep 30:9:721581.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.721581. eCollection 2021.

Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation by Inorganic Nanomaterials: Recent Advances in Regenerative Medicine

Fumei He  1 , Jinxiu Cao  1 , Junyang Qi  1 , Zeqi Liu  1 , Gan Liu  1 , Wenbin Deng  1
Affiliations
Review

Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation by Inorganic Nanomaterials: Recent Advances in Regenerative Medicine

Fumei He et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

Transplanting stem cells with the abilities of self-renewal and differentiation is one of the most effective ways to treat many diseases. In order to optimize the therapeutic effect of stem cell transplantation, it is necessary to intervene in stem cell differentiation. Inorganic nanomaterials (NMs), due to their unique physical and chemical properties, can affect the adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. In addition, inorganic NMs have huge specific surface area and modifiability that can be used as vectors to transport plasmids, proteins or small molecules to further interfere with the fate of stem cells. In this mini review, we summarized the recent advances of common inorganic NMs in regulating stem cells differentiation, and the effects of the stiffness, size and shape of inorganic NMs on stem cell behavior were discussed. In addition, we further analyzed the existing obstacles and corresponding perspectives of the application of inorganic NMs in the field of stem cells.

Keywords: Inorganic nanomaterials; cell therapy; differentiation; regenerative medicine; stem cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Illustration of inorganic NMs in regulating stem cell differentiation and their biological applications. The physical properties of inorganic NMs, including stiffness, shape, and size, can influence the guidance of inorganic NMs to the fate of stem cells, which in turn mediate the differentiation of stem cells to produce different kinds of functional cells that are beneficial for neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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