Advances in Multi-Omics Applications in HBV-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) specifically infects liver cells, leading to progressive liver cirrhosis and significantly increasing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The maturity of sequencing technology, improvement in bioinformatics data analysis and progress of omics technologies had improved research efficiency. The occurrence and progression of HCC are affected by multisystem and multilevel pathological changes. With the application of single-omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics in tissue and body fluid samples, and even the novel development of multi-omics analysis on a single-cell platform, HBV-associated HCC changes can be better analyzed. The review summarizes the application of single omics and combined analysis of multi-omics data in HBV-associated HCC and proposes the importance of multi-omics analysis in the type of HCC, which provide the possibility for the precise diagnosis and therapy of HBV-associated HCC.

Keywords: genomics; hepatitis B virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; metabolomics; non-coding RNA; proteomics; transcriptome.

Figure 1

Application of multi-omics in the diagnosis and therapy of HBV-associated HCC. The samples from HBV-associated HCC subjects were detected and analyzed by mitiomics technology including genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics and other omics to accurately promote biomarker-driven treatments and immunotherapies for HCC patients. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV, hepatitis B virus; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing; LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer.