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Review
. 2021 Sep 30:8:720085.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.720085. eCollection 2021.

Role of GTPase-Dependent Mitochondrial Dynamins in Heart Diseases

Jiangen Liu  1 , Xianjing Song  1 , Youyou Yan  1 , Bin Liu  1
Affiliations
Review

Role of GTPase-Dependent Mitochondrial Dynamins in Heart Diseases

Jiangen Liu et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Heart function maintenance requires a large amount of energy, which is supplied by the mitochondria. In addition to providing energy to cardiomyocytes, mitochondria also play an important role in maintaining cell function and homeostasis. Although adult cardiomyocyte mitochondria appear as independent, low-static organelles, morphological changes have been observed in cardiomyocyte mitochondria under stress or pathological conditions. Indeed, cardiac mitochondrial fission and fusion are involved in the occurrence and development of heart diseases. As mitochondrial fission and fusion are primarily regulated by mitochondrial dynamins in a GTPase-dependent manner, GTPase-dependent mitochondrial fusion (MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1) and fission (DRP1) proteins, which are abundant in the adult heart, can also be regulated in heart diseases. In fact, these dynamic proteins have been shown to play important roles in specific diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and metabolic cardiomyopathy. This article reviews the role of GTPase-dependent mitochondrial fusion and fission protein-mediated mitochondrial dynamics in the occurrence and development of heart diseases.

Keywords: DRP1; MFN2; OPA1; heart disease; mfn1.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Procedures of mitochondrial fission.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Procedures of mitochondrial fusion.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The mechanism of mitochondrial fission caused by Drp1 modification. The increased dephosphorylation of Ser637 on the drp1 protein or the increased phosphorylation of Ser616, and the change of the sumoylation state of DRP1 will effect the activity of DRP1, thereby increasing the fission of mitochondria.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cell signal transduction pathway acting on DRP1 and its role in heart disease.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Cell signal transduction pathway acting on OPA1 and its role in heart disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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