Changes of omentin-1 and chemerin during 4 weeks of lifestyle intervention and 1 year follow-up in children with obesity

Abstract

Aims: Data about the influence of short-term lifestyle intervention in children with obesity on long-term follow-up body weight, adipokines and cardiometabolic risk parameters is scarce.

Methods: In a subgroup of the LOGIC-trial (Long-term Effects of Lifestyle Intervention in Obesity and Genetic Influence in Children), we assessed anthropometry (BMI, BMI-SDS (Standard Deviation Score), adipokines (omentin-1, chemerin, leptin, adiponectin) and cardiometabolic risk parameters, (e.g. hsCRP) in children with overweight/obesity after 4 weeks of lifestyle intervention (n = 156, 14.0 ± 1.8 yrs) and after one year follow-up (n = 50). Data were compared to normal weight children (JuvenTUM school cohort; n = 152, 13.3 ± 0.7 yrs).

Results: Short-term lifestyle intervention was associated with a significant reduction in BMI and BMI-SDS (p < 0.001), with significant reductions in hsCRP, leptin, and chemerin levels, and an increase in adiponectin and omentin-1 levels (p < 0.001 for all). After one year follow-up a significant reduction in BMI and BMI-SDS was observed in children from the LOGIC-trial (p < 0.001). Improvements in adiponectin (p = 0.025) and chemerin levels (p = 0.027) were seen in children with clear weight loss success (BMI-SDS reduction ≥ 0.2), whereas children with no or only mild weight loss success showed an increase in leptin levels (p < 0.001). An increase in omentin-1 levels was observed after 1 year independent of weight change (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Effects of short-term weight reduction on mean BMI and BMI-SDS persist over one year. Improvements in omentin-1 levels were independent of short-term or long-term weight loss.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: LOGIC-trial: NCT01067157, JuvenTUM-trial: NCT00988754.

Keywords: Adolescence; Childhood; Exercise; Lifestyle intervention; Nutrition.