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. 2021 Sep 1;48(4):e217548.
doi: 10.14503/THIJ-21-7548.

Cardiac Arrhythmias During Pregnancy

Payam Safavi-Naeini  1 , Naseem Zarah Sorurbakhsh  2 , Mehdi Razavi  1   3
Affiliations

Cardiac Arrhythmias During Pregnancy

Payam Safavi-Naeini et al. Tex Heart Inst J. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Anti-arrhythmia agents; arrhythmias, cardiac; atrial fibrillation; atrial flutter; cardiomyopathies; cardiovascular agents/therapeutic use; heart defects, congenital; pregnancy; pregnancy complications, cardiovascular; tachycardia, supraventricular.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Cardiovascular medications in pregnancy, classified according to former U.S. Food and Drug Administration ABCDX categories: A, no demonstrated risk to the fetus based on well-controlled human studies; B, no demonstrated risk to the fetus based on animal studies; C, animal studies have demonstrated fetal adverse effects, no human studies, potential benefits may warrant use of the drug; D, demonstrated human fetal risk, potential benefits may warrant use of the drug; X, demonstrated high risk for human fetal abnormalities outweighing potential benefit; and N, nonclassified. ACE-I = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; DOAC = direct oral anticoagulant; ERA = endothelin-receptor antagonist Adapted with permission from Halpern DG, Weinberg CR, Pinnelas R, Mehta-Lee S, Economy KE, Valente AM. Use of medication for cardiovascular disease during pregnancy: JACC state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019;73(4):457–76.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Khairy P, Ouyang DW, Fernandes SM, Lee-Parritz A, Economy KE, Landzberg MJ. Pregnancy outcomes in women with congenital heart disease. Circulation . 2006;113(4):517–24. - PubMed
    1. Roberts A, Mechery J, Mechery A, Clarke B, Vause S. Management of palpitations and cardiac arrhythmias in pregnancy. Obstet Gynaecol . 2019;21(4):263–70.

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