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. 2021 Sep;43(9):648-654.
doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1733997. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Understanding How Health Providers Identify Women with Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Qualitative Study

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Understanding How Health Providers Identify Women with Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Qualitative Study

Silvana Ferreira Bento et al. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2021 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: To identify how health providers recognize postpartum hemorrhage early and the difficulties involved in it.

Methods: An exploratory, descriptive study using a qualitative approach through a semi-structured interview technique. In total, 27 health professionals (nursing technicians, nurses, medical residents in Gynecology and Obstetrics, hired medical doctors, and medicine professors) working in a tertiary-level hospital of reference in women's health care in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, participated in the study through an invitation. After they accepted the invitation, they signed the free and informed consent form. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and a thematic analysis was conducted. We found three analysis categories: a) perception of the severity: "there is something wrong with the women"; b) difficulties in the early diagnosis of postpartum hemorrhage; and c) the process to improve obstetrical care.

Results: Caregivers believe teamwork and communication should be improved. Besides the visual estimation of blood loss, the nursing team is attentive to behavioral symptoms like irritability, while the medical staff follow protocols and look for objective signs, such as altered vital signs.

Conclusion: Besides the objective evaluations, the subjective perceptions of the providers are involved in the clinical judgement regarding the diagnosis of postpartum hemorrhage, and this should be included in a broader diagnosis strategy.

Objetivo: Identificar como os profissionais de saúde reconhecem precocemente os casos de hemorragia pós-parto e as suas dificuldades. MéTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo exploratório, descritivo, com uma abordagem qualitativa por meio da técnica de entrevista semiestruturada. Por meio de um convite, participaram do estudo 27 profissionais saúde (técnicas de enfermagem, enfermeiras, residentes de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, e médicos contratados e docentes) que trabalhavam em um hospital de nível terciário de referência no atendimento à saúde da mulher no estado de São Paulo. Depois que os participantes aceitaram o convite, eles assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas, e realizou-se uma análise temática. Identificaram-se três categorias de análise: a) percepção da gravidade: “há algo de errado com as mulheres”; b) dificuldades no diagnóstico precoce da hemorragia pós-parto; e c) o processo para melhorar a atenção em obstetrícia.

Resultados: Os profissionais de saúde acreditavam que o trabalho em equipe e a comunicação deviam ser aperfeiçoados. Além da estimativa visual da perda de sangue, a equipe de enfermagem estava atenta a sintomas comportamentais como irritabilidade, ao passo que o pessoal médico seguia protocolos e procurava sinais objetivos, como sinais vitais alterados. CONCLUSãO: Além das avaliações objetivas, as percepções subjetivas dos provedores estão envolvidas no julgamento clínico do diagnóstico de hemorragia pós-parto, e isto deve ser incluído em uma estratégia de diagnóstico mais ampla.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.

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