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. 2021 Oct 14;9(10):263.
doi: 10.3390/toxics9100263.

Influence of Electronic Cigarettes on Antioxidant Capacity and Nucleotide Metabolites in Saliva

Dominika Cichońska  1 , Oliwia Król  2 , Ewa M Słomińska  2 , Barbara Kochańska  3 , Dariusz Świetlik  4 , Jolanta Ochocińska  3 , Aida Kusiak  1
Affiliations

Influence of Electronic Cigarettes on Antioxidant Capacity and Nucleotide Metabolites in Saliva

Dominika Cichońska et al. Toxics. .

Abstract

The balance between reactive oxygen species production and the activity of antioxidant systems present in saliva is an important element in maintaining oral environment homeostasis. E-cigarettes adversely affect the oral cavity and their cytotoxic effect is related to oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of using electronic cigarettes on antioxidant capacity of saliva. The study involved 110 subjects (35 e-cigarettes users, 33 traditional cigarettes smokers and 42 non-smokers). Laboratory analysis involved quantitation of uric acid, hypoxanthine, xanthine, TAOS (total antioxidant status) and TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) in saliva. Lower values for TAOS and TEAC were observed among e-cigarettes users and traditional cigarettes smokers in comparison to non-smokers. Uric acid concentration tended to be higher among e-cigarettes users while no differences in hypoxanthine and xanthine saliva concentrations were observed. Electronic cigarettes usage affects antioxidant capacity of saliva to the same extent as traditional cigarettes, when comparing smokers to non-smokers. Further longitudinal studies on a larger study group are needed to assess the effect of changes in antioxidant status on oral health.

Keywords: antioxidant capacity; e-cigarettes; saliva; uric acid.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Concentration of uric acid in groups of e-cigarettes users, traditional cigarettes smokers and non-smokers.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Concentration of hypoxanthine in groups of e-cigarettes users, traditional cigarettes smokers and non-smokers.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Concentration of xanthine in groups of e-cigarettes users, traditional cigarettes smokers and non-smokers.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Combined concentrations of uric acid and xanthine in groups of e-cigarettes users, traditional cigarettes smokers and non-smokers.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Values of TAOS (total antioxidant status) in groups of e-cigarettes users, traditional cigarettes smokers and non-smokers. *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Values of TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) in groups of e-cigarettes users, traditional cigarettes smokers and non-smokers. *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Correlation between uric acid and TAOS (total antioxidant status) among e-cigarettes users, traditional cigarettes smokers and non-smokers.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Correlation between uric acid and TAOS (total antioxidant status) among e-cigarettes users.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Correlation between uric acid and TAOS (total antioxidant status) among traditional cigarettes smokers.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Correlation between uric acid and TAOS (total antioxidant status) among non-smokers.
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