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. 2021 Oct 11;11(10):1864.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11101864.

Dome-Shaped Macula versus Ridge-Shaped Macula Eyes in High Myopia Based on the 12-line Radial Optical Coherence Tomography Scan Pattern. Differences in Clinical Features

María García-Zamora  1 , Ignacio Flores-Moreno  1 , Jorge Ruiz-Medrano  1 , Rocío Vega-González  1 , Mariluz Puertas  1 , Elena Almazán-Alonso  1 , Lucía González-Buendía  1 , José M Ruiz-Moreno  1   2   3   4
Affiliations

Dome-Shaped Macula versus Ridge-Shaped Macula Eyes in High Myopia Based on the 12-line Radial Optical Coherence Tomography Scan Pattern. Differences in Clinical Features

María García-Zamora et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

Purpose: To study clinical features in patients with ridge-shaped macula (RSM) compared with those with dome-shaped macula (DSM) having been previously classified by the number of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) radial scans affected.

Methods: Retrospective observational study including 49 highly myopic eyes from 31 patients who underwent SS-OCT. DSM eyes were defined as those that showed a complete round inward convexity in all their axes, presenting an inward convexity ≥50 µm in the 12-line radial OCT scans. Eyes that did not meet this criterion and had at least one flat radial scan were grouped into the RSM group, defined as a macular inward convexity in some meridians across the fovea, whereas the opposite perpendicularly oriented meridians were flat. Age, spherical equivalent, axial length (AL), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were collected. Height of the bulge, scleral and choroidal thicknesses, Bruch´s membrane defects, and presence of perforating scleral vessels were recorded.

Results: Thirty-seven (75.5%) eyes were classified into the RSM group and 12 (24.5%) into the DSM group. Twenty-six (53.0%) eyes showed macular elevation only in the horizontal direction. Mean AL showed statistically significant differences (28.8 ± 2.7 vs. 30.5 ± 1.5 mm in the RMS vs. DSM group, respectively) and the presence of Bruch´s membrane defects was more frequently seen in DSM (p < 0.001). Mean age, spherical equivalent, BCVA, height of the inward convexity, retinal foveal thickness, foveal scleral thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and the presence of perforating scleral vessels did not show significant differences between groups.

Conclusion: This study shows the reliability of using the 12 equal radial OCT scans as an objective method to define and differentiate DSM versus RSM. Patients with RSM showed differences in AL compared with those with DSM, being longer in DSM, and regarding the presence of Bruch´s membrane defects, being more common in DSM. This may contribute to identifying those patients that, in daily clinical practice, have a higher risk of developing complications due to their myopia.

Keywords: dome-shaped macula; myopia; retina; ridge-shaped macula.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Geometric concepts of dome and ridge.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A typical round dome-shaped macula (DSM) with the 12 radial OCT scans centered on the fovea showing an inward convexity of ≥50 µm.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A)/(B): A ridge-shaped macula (RSM) with six radial OCT scans centered on the fovea showing an inward convexity of ≥50 µm, whereas the macular curvature was unremarkable on opposite perpendicular meridians. (A): horizontally oriented RSM. (B): vertically oriented RSM.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A)/(B): A ridge-shaped macula (RSM) with six radial OCT scans centered on the fovea showing an inward convexity of ≥50 µm, whereas the macular curvature was unremarkable on opposite perpendicular meridians. (A): horizontally oriented RSM. (B): vertically oriented RSM.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bruch membrane defects: different patterns. Blue arrows mark the areas with Bruch´s membrane defects.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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