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. 2021 Oct 15;11(10):1911.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11101911.

Assessment of Serum Neopterin as a Biomarker in Peripheral Artery Disease

Agnieszka Zembron-Lacny  1 , Wioletta Dziubek  2 , Anna Tylutka  1 , Eryk Wacka  3 , Barbara Morawin  1 , Katarzyna Bulinska  2 , Malgorzata Stefanska  2 , Marek Wozniewski  2 , Andrzej Szuba  4   5
Affiliations

Assessment of Serum Neopterin as a Biomarker in Peripheral Artery Disease

Agnieszka Zembron-Lacny et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

Neopterin (NPT), a pyrazino-pyrimidine compound mainly produced by activated macrophages, has been regarded as a proinflammatory and proatherosclerotic agent. The study was designed to evaluate NPT level and its interaction with conventional peripheral artery disease (PAD) biomarkers and vascular regenerative potential in severe PAD. The study included 59 patients (females n = 17, males n = 42) aged 67.0 ± 8.2 years classified into two groups based on ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurements (ABI ≤ 0.9 n = 43, ABI ≤ 0.5 n = 16). A total of 60 subjects aged 70.4 ± 5.5 years (females n = 42, males n = 18) with ABI > 0.9 constituted a reference group. NPT concentration reached values above 10 nmol/L in patients with PAD, which differed significantly from reference group (8.15 ± 1.33 nmol/L). High levels of CRP > 5 mg/L, TC > 200 mg/dL as well as lipoproteins LDL > 100 mg/dL and non-HDL > 130 mg/dL were found in the same group, indicating the relationship between NPT and conventional atherogenic markers. The endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) tended toward lower values in patients with ABI ≤ 0.5 when compared to reference group, and inversely correlated with NPT. These findings indicate a crucial role of NPT in atheromatous process and its usefulness in monitoring PAD severity. However, the role of NPT in chronic PAD needs further studies including relatively high number of subjects.

Keywords: endothelial progenitor cells; hematopoietic progenitor cells; inflammation; nitro-oxidative stress; physical performance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Differentiation of the concentrations of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in females and males diagnosed with (A) n = 59 and without PAD (B) n = 60.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and neopterin (NPT) in patient with peripheral artery disease (n = 59).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Relationship between ankle-brachial index (ABI) and neopterin (NPT) in patients with peripheral artery disease (n = 59).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Differentiation of the level of hematopoietic progenitor cells CD34 in females and males diagnosed with PAD (A) n = 59 and without PAD (B) n = 60.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Differentiation of the level of non-hematopoietic cells CD38 in females and males diagnosed with PAD (A) n = 59 and without PAD (B) n = 60.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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