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Review
. 2021 Oct 4;57(10):1061.
doi: 10.3390/medicina57101061.

Bullous Pemphigoid and Other Pemphigoid Dermatoses

Valeryia Pratasava  1 , Vikram N Sahni  1 , Aishwarya Suresh  1 , Simo Huang  2 , Abhirup Are  3 , Sylvia Hsu  2 , Kiran Motaparthi  4
Affiliations
Review

Bullous Pemphigoid and Other Pemphigoid Dermatoses

Valeryia Pratasava et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

The pemphigoid family of dermatoses is characterized by autoimmune subepidermal blistering. The classic paradigm for pemphigoid, and the most common member, is bullous pemphigoid. Its variable clinical presentation, with or without frank bullae, is linked by significant pruritus afflicting the elderly. Mucous membrane pemphigoid is an umbrella term for a group of subepidermal blistering dermatoses that favor the mucosal membranes and can scar. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is a chronic blistering disorder characterized by skin fragility, sensitivity to trauma, and its treatment-refractory nature. Clinicians that encounter these pemphigoid disorders may benefit from an overview of their clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up, and therapeutic management, with an emphasis on the most frequently encountered pemphigoid disease, bullous pemphigoid.

Keywords: blistering; bullous; cicatricial; diagnosis; epidermolysis bullosa acquisita; mucous membrane; pemphigoid; vesiculobullous.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bullous pemphigoid. Tense bullae overlying erythematous to urticarial plaques on acral skin.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Diagnostic work-up of pemphigoid dermatoses. BP = bullous pemphigoid, MMP = mucous membrane pemphigoid, EBA = epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Urticarial bullous pemphigoid. Eosinophilic spongiosis characterized by pseudovacuolar change, eosinophil exocytosis, and dermal eosinophilia.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bullous pemphigoid treatment algorithm.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita treatment algorithm.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Mucous membrane pemphigoid treatment algorithm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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