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Review
. 2021 Sep 29;11(10):2557.
doi: 10.3390/nano11102557.

Ultraflexible Liposome Nanocargo as a Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery System

Kalvatala Sudhakar  1 , Shivkanya Fuloria  2   3 , Vetriselvan Subramaniyan  4 , Kathiresan V Sathasivam  3   5 , Abul Kalam Azad  6 , Shasank S Swain  7 , Mahendran Sekar  8 , Sundram Karupiah  2 , Omji Porwal  9 , Alaka Sahoo  10 , Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi  11 , Vipin Kumar Sharma  12 , Sanjay Jain  13 , R Narayana Charyulu  14 , Neeraj Kumar Fuloria  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Ultraflexible Liposome Nanocargo as a Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery System

Kalvatala Sudhakar et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

A selected active pharmaceutical ingredient must be incorporated into a cargo carrier in a particular manner so that it achieves its goal. An amalgamation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) should be conducted in such a manner that it is simple, professional, and more beneficial. Lipids/polymers that are known to be used in nanocarriers for APIs can be transformed into a vesicular formulation, which offers elegant solutions to many problems. Phospholipids with other ingredients, such as ethanol and water, form suitable vesicular carriers for many drugs, overcoming many problems related to poor bioavailability, poor solubility, etc. Ultraflexible liposomes are novel carriers and new frontiers of drug delivery for transdermal systems. Auxiliary advances in vesicular carrier research have been made, enabling polymer-coated ethanolic liposomes to avoid detection by the body's immune system-specifically, the cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Ultraflexible liposomes act as a cargo system and a nanotherapeutic approach for the transport of therapeutic drugs and bioactive agents. Various applications of liposome derivatives in different diseases are emphasized in this review.

Keywords: bioactive; ethosome; liposome; transethosomes; transfersomes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Different vesicular carriers with defined layers and composition.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mechanism of the vesicular carrier crossing the stratum corneum of the skin.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Different vesicular carriers with different penetration capabilities (L: liposome; T: transfersome; E: ethosome; TE: transethosome).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Schematic and hypothetical diagram of PEG ethosome and ethosome release kinetics.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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