. 2021 Oct 25;47(1):211.

doi: 10.1186/s13052-021-01150-0.

Prevention of recurrent respiratory infections : Inter-society Consensus

Elena Chiappini¹, Francesca Santamaria², Gian Luigi Marseglia³, Paola Marchisio⁴, Luisa Galli⁵, Renato Cutrera⁶, Maurizio de Martino⁵, Sara Antonini⁵, Paolo Becherucci⁷, Paolo Biasci⁸, Barbara Bortone⁵, Sergio Bottero⁹, Valeria Caldarelli¹⁰, Fabio Cardinale¹¹, Guido Castelli Gattinara¹², Martina Ciarcià⁵, Daniele Ciofi⁵, Sofia D'Elios¹³, Giuseppe Di Mauro¹⁴, Mattia Doria¹⁵, Luciana Indinnimeo¹⁶, Andrea Lo Vecchio², Francesco Macrì¹⁷, Roberto Mattina¹⁸, Vito Leonardo Miniello¹⁹, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice²⁰, Guido Morbin²¹, Marco Antonio Motisi⁵, Andrea Novelli⁵, Anna Teresa Palamara²², Maria Laura Panatta²³, Angela Pasinato²⁴, Diego Peroni¹³, Katia Perruccio²⁵, Giorgio Piacentini²⁶, Massimo Pifferi²⁷, Lorenzo Pignataro⁴, Emanuela Sitzia²³, Chiara Tersigni⁵, Sara Torretta⁴, Irene Trambusti¹³, Giulia Trippella⁵, Diletta Valentini²⁸, Sandro Valentini²⁹, Attilio Varricchio³⁰, Maria Carmen Verga³¹, Claudio Vicini³², Marco Zecca³³, Alberto Villani²⁸

Affiliations

¹ Meyer University Hospital, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. elena.chiappini@unifi.it.
² Departement of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
³ Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia IRCCS San Matteo foundation, Pavia, Italy.
⁴ Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
⁵ Meyer University Hospital, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
⁶ Respiratory Unit, Academic Pediatric Department, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
⁷ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Lastra a Signa, Florence, Italy.
⁸ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Livorno, Italy.
⁹ Airway Surgery Unit, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
¹² Institute of child health, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
¹³ Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
¹⁴ Pediatric Primary Care, National Pediatric Health Care System, Caserta, Italy.
¹⁵ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Chioggia, Venice, Italy.
¹⁶ Pediatric Department "Sapienza", University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
¹⁷ Department of Pediatrics "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Odontoiatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
¹⁹ Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy.
²⁰ Department of Woman and Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
²¹ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Trento, Italy.
²² Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
²³ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy.
²⁴ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Torri di Quartesolo, Vicenza, Italy.
²⁵ Pediatric Oncology Hematology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
²⁶ Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
²⁷ Department of Pediatrics Pulmonology and Allergology Section University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
²⁸ Department of Pediatric and Infectious Disease Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
²⁹ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Colle Val d'Elsa, Siena, Italy.
³⁰ Department of Otolaryngology, Ospedale San Gennaro, Naples, Italy.
³¹ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit Salerno, Vietri sul Mare, Salerno, Italy.
³² Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Oral Surgery Unit, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy.
³³ Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.

PMID: 34696778
PMCID: PMC8543868
DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01150-0

Prevention of recurrent respiratory infections : Inter-society Consensus

Elena Chiappini et al. Ital J Pediatr. 2021.

. 2021 Oct 25;47(1):211.

doi: 10.1186/s13052-021-01150-0.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Meyer University Hospital, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. elena.chiappini@unifi.it.
² Departement of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
³ Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia IRCCS San Matteo foundation, Pavia, Italy.
⁴ Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
⁵ Meyer University Hospital, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
⁶ Respiratory Unit, Academic Pediatric Department, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
⁷ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Lastra a Signa, Florence, Italy.
⁸ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Livorno, Italy.
⁹ Airway Surgery Unit, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
¹² Institute of child health, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
¹³ Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
¹⁴ Pediatric Primary Care, National Pediatric Health Care System, Caserta, Italy.
¹⁵ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Chioggia, Venice, Italy.
¹⁶ Pediatric Department "Sapienza", University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
¹⁷ Department of Pediatrics "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Odontoiatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
¹⁹ Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy.
²⁰ Department of Woman and Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
²¹ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Trento, Italy.
²² Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
²³ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy.
²⁴ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Torri di Quartesolo, Vicenza, Italy.
²⁵ Pediatric Oncology Hematology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
²⁶ Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
²⁷ Department of Pediatrics Pulmonology and Allergology Section University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
²⁸ Department of Pediatric and Infectious Disease Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
²⁹ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit, Colle Val d'Elsa, Siena, Italy.
³⁰ Department of Otolaryngology, Ospedale San Gennaro, Naples, Italy.
³¹ Family Pediatrician, Local Health Unit Salerno, Vietri sul Mare, Salerno, Italy.
³² Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Oral Surgery Unit, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy.
³³ Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.

PMID: 34696778
PMCID: PMC8543868
DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01150-0

Abstract

Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) are a common clinical condition in children, in fact about 25% of children under 1 year and 6% of children during the first 6 years of life have RRIs. In most cases, infections occur with mild clinical manifestations and the frequency of episodes tends to decrease over time with a complete resolution by 12 years of age. However, RRIs significantly reduce child and family quality of life and lead to significant medical and social costs.Despite the importance of this condition, there is currently no agreed definition of the term RRIs in the literature, especially concerning the frequency and type of infectious episodes to be considered. The aim of this consensus document is to propose an updated definition and provide recommendations with the intent of guiding the physician in the complex process of diagnosis, management and prevention of RRIs.

Keywords: Children; Immune system; Prevention; Recurrent respiratory infections.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The competing interests of the panel members are reported as following:

-EC: Valeas Spa Italia.

-RC: Abbvie, Aboca, Chiesi, Glaxosmitkline, Omron, Ailiquide.

-PM: Valeas Spa Italia, OM Pharma S.A. e DMG.

-RM: Grunenthal.

-FS: Chiesi; AbbVie; Valeas.

The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

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References

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Prevention of recurrent respiratory infections : Inter-society Consensus

Affiliations

Prevention of recurrent respiratory infections : Inter-society Consensus

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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References

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LinkOut - more resources

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