Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Sep 23;6(4):80.
doi: 10.3390/jfmk6040080.

Tensiomyographic Responses to Warm-Up Protocols in Collegiate Male Soccer Athletes

Michael J Redd  1 , Tristan M Starling-Smith  1 , Chad H Herring  1 , Matt S Stock  1 , Adam J Wells  1 , Jeffrey R Stout  1 , David H Fukuda  1
Affiliations

Tensiomyographic Responses to Warm-Up Protocols in Collegiate Male Soccer Athletes

Michael J Redd et al. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. .

Abstract

The mechanical properties of knee flexors and extensors in 15 collegiate male soccer players following different warm-up protocols [small-sided games (SSG), dynamic (DYN), and plyometric (PLY)] were evaluated. Tensiomyography (TMG) was used to assess contraction time (Tc), delay time (Td) and maximal displacement (Dm) of the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) of both legs before and after each warm-up, while countermovement jump height variables, 20 m sprint, t-test and sit-and-reach were measured following the warm-ups. TMG was analyzed using a three-way [condition × time × leg] ANOVA, while performance variables were analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA. Main effects of time were observed for BF-Tc (p = 0.035), RF-Td (p < 0.001), and BF-Td, (p = 0.008), and a main effect of condition was seen for RF-Tc (p = 0.038). Moreover, participants' 20 m sprint improved following SSG (p = 0.021) compared to DYN and PLY. Sit-and-reach was greater following PLY (p = 0.021). No significant interactions were noted for the measured TMG variables. Warm-up-specific improvements were demonstrated in sprint speed and flexibility following SSG and PLY, respectively. The present study revealed changes in certain TMG measures following the warm-ups that suggest enhanced response of lower leg muscles regardless of specific activities used.

Keywords: knee extensors; knee flexors; soccer; tensiomyography; warm-ups.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

    1. Gabbett T.J., Sheppard J.M., Pritchard-Peschek K.R., Leveritt M.D., Aldred M.J. Influence of closed skill and open skill warm-ups on the performance of speed, change of direction speed, vertical jump, and reactive agility in team sport athletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2008;22:1413–1415. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181739ecd. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Los Arcos A., Mendiguchia J., Yanci J. Specificity of jumping, acceleration and quick change of direction motor abilities in soccer players. Kinesiology. 2017;49:22–29. doi: 10.26582/k.49.1.12. - DOI
    1. Bangsbo J. Energy demands in competitive soccer. J. Sports Sci. 1994;12:S5–S12. doi: 10.1080/02640414.1994.12059272. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Reilly T., Bangsbo J., Franks A. Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. J. Sports Sci. 2000;18:669–683. doi: 10.1080/02640410050120050. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Mohr M., Krustrup P., Bangsbo J. Match performance of high-standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. J. Sports Sci. 2003;21:519–528. doi: 10.1080/0264041031000071182. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources