Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Observational Study
. 2021 Oct 26;21(1):333.
doi: 10.1186/s12890-021-01701-5.

Management of patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis in France: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Pascale Bemer  1 , Olivia Peuchant  2 , Hélène Guet-Revillet  3 , Julien Bador  4 , Charlotte Balavoine  5 , Damien Basille  6   7 , Guillaume Beltramo  8 , François-Xavier Blanc  9 , Elodie Blanchard  10 , Sarah Boulanger  11 , Anne Bourgoin  12 , David Boutoille  13 , Emmanuelle Cambau  14   15 , Frédérique Canis  16 , Didier Caparros  17 , Anne Carricajo  18 , Christian Carrière  19 , Gérard Couetdic  20 , Francis Couturaud  21 , Jean-Charles Dalphin  22 , Tristan Degot  23 , Marion Desquiens  6 , Gilles Devouassoux  24 , Jean-Marie Duez  4 , Oana Dumitrescu  25 , Magali Dupuy-Grasset  26 , Alice Gaudart  27 , Marjolaine Georges  8 , Cendrine Godet  28 , Sylvain Godreuil  19 , Aurélie Guillouzouic  1 , Farida Hamdad-Daoudi  29 , Geneviève Héry-Arnaud  30 , Christelle Koebel  31 , Aurore Lagrange  6 , Philippe Lanotte  32 , Sylvain Marchand-Adam  5 , Faïza Mougari  14   15 , Marlène Murris  33 , Isabelle Patry  20 , Michèle Pérouse de Montclos  25 , Laurent Raskine  14   15 , Karine Risso  34 , Christine Segonds  3 , Dominique Sicard  27 , Dominique Terru  19 , Anne Vachée  35 , Jean-Michel Vergnon  36 , Christian Martin  37 , Frédéric Schramm  31 , Claire Andrejak  38   39
Affiliations
Observational Study

Management of patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis in France: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Pascale Bemer et al. BMC Pulm Med. .

Abstract

Background: Recent studies report very low adherence of practitioners to ATS/IDSA recommendations for the treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), as well as a great variability of practices. Type of management could impact prognosis.

Methods: To evaluate management and prognosis of patients with NTM-PD cases with respect to ATS recommendations, we conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study (18 sentinel sites distributed throughout France), over a period of six years. We collected clinical, radiological, microbiological characteristics, management and outcome of the patients (especially death or not).

Results: 477 patients with NTM-PD were included. Respiratory comorbidities were found in 68% of cases, tuberculosis sequelae in 31.4% of patients, and immunosuppression in 16.8% of cases. The three most common NTM species were Mycobacterium avium complex (60%), M. xenopi (20%) and M. kansasii (5.7%). Smear-positive was found in one third of NTM-PD. Nodulobronchiectatic forms were observed in 54.3% of cases, and cavitary forms in 19.1% of patients. Sixty-three percent of patients were treated, 72.4% of patients with smear-positive samples, and 57.5% of patients with smear-negative samples. Treatment was in adequacy with ATS guidelines in 73.5%. The 2-year mortality was 14.4%. In the Cox regression, treatment (HR = 0.51), age (HR = 1.02), and M. abscessus (3.19) appeared as the 3 significant independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the adequacy between French practices and the ATS/IDSA guidelines. Treatment was associated with a better survival.

Keywords: Management; Mycobacterium avium complex; Mycobacterium xenopi; Nontuberculous mycobacteria; Prognosis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Cumulative survival according to smear results
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA, Catanzaro A, Daley C, Gordin F, Holland SM, Horsburgh R, Huitt G, Iademarco MF, Iseman M, Olivier K, Ruoss S, von Reyn CF, Wallace RJ, Winthrop K, ATS Mycobacterial Diseases Subcommittee; American Thoracic Society; Infectious Disease Society of America.. An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007;175:367–16. - PubMed
    1. Daley CL, Iaccarino JM, Lange C, Cambau E, Wallace RJ, Jr, Andrejak C, Böttger EC, Brozek J, Griffith DE, Guglielmetti L, Huitt GA, Knight SL, Leitman P, Marras TK, Olivier KN, Santin M, Stout JE, Tortoli E, van Ingen J, Wagner D, Winthrop KL. Treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: an official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA clinical practice guideline. Eur Respir J. 2020;56(1):2000535. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00535-2020. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Stout JE, 1, Koh WJ, Yew WW. Update on pulmonary disease due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Int J Infect Dis 2016;45:123–134. - PubMed
    1. Prevots DR, Loddenkemper R, Sotgiu G, Migliori GB. Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: an increasing burden with substantial costs. Eur Respir J. 2017;49:1700374. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00374-2017. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Van Ingen J, Wagner D, Gallagher J, Morimoto K, Lange C, Haworth CS, Floto RA, Adjemian J, Prevots DR, Griffith DE, NTM-NET. Poor adherence to management guidelines in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2017;49. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms