Affiliations

• ¹ Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. ram_ramanathan@nuhs.edu.sg.
• ² Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. ram_ramanathan@nuhs.edu.sg.
• ³ Adult Intensive Care Services, Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
• ⁴ Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
• ⁵ University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
• ⁶ Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
• ⁷ Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
• ⁸ Division of Paediatrics Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
• ⁹ Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ¹⁰ Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
• ¹¹ Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
• ¹² Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
• ¹³ Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
• ¹⁴ Japan ECMOnet for COVID-19 & President, Kawaguchi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
• ¹⁵ Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
• ¹⁶ Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
• ¹⁷ Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
• ¹⁸ Center for Acute Respiratory Failure, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.