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Review
. 2021 Jul 21;8(4):153-158.
doi: 10.1159/000517258. eCollection 2021 Oct.

Cholangiocarcinoma: An Emerging Target for Molecular Therapy

Ilya Tsimafeyeu  1 , Mark Temper  2
Affiliations
Review

Cholangiocarcinoma: An Emerging Target for Molecular Therapy

Ilya Tsimafeyeu et al. Gastrointest Tumors. .

Abstract

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma has been traditionally considered a tumor with poor prognosis. Until now, surgical treatment has been the only more or less effective approach.

Summary: Over 10 years, chemotherapy with a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin remains the standard first-line therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma, which leads to a median overall survival of 11.7 months. Several inhibitors of HER (ERBB), HGF/c-MET, Hedgehog, KRAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways did not show their superiority to standard chemotherapy. The rise of hope is associated with the emergence of novel fibroblast growth factor receptors and isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Keywords: Cholangiocarcinoma; Fibroblast growth factor receptors 2; Immunotherapy; Isocitrate dehydrogenase; Metastatic disease; Targeted therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

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