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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 Jan;29(1):40-50.
doi: 10.1111/odi.14062. Epub 2021 Nov 29.

Association between chronic kidney disease and periodontitis. A systematic review and metanalysis

Lapo Serni  1 , Leonardo Caroti  2 , Luigi Barbato  1 , Michele Nieri  1 , Sergio Serni  3 , Calogero Lino Cirami  2 , Francesco Cairo  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association between chronic kidney disease and periodontitis. A systematic review and metanalysis

Lapo Serni et al. Oral Dis. 2023 Jan.

Abstract

Objectives: Aims of this SR were to assess the association of Periodontitis (PD) with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and with different CKD stages.

Materials and methods: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Trials and EMBASE, up to April 4, 2021 were searched. RCTs, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies were considered. JBI's Critical Appraisal Tool for risk of bias assessment was used. The risk of PD was calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios (MH-OR); weighted mean difference for clinical attachment level (CAL) and periodontal probing depth (PPD) were also evaluated.

Results: Out of 1949 titles screened, 142 full texts were evaluated and 17 studies were included. CKD was associated to higher risk of PD (MH-OR = 2.36, [95% C.I. 1.25, 4.44]; p = 0.008), higher mean CAL (WMD = 0.41 mm [95% C.I. 0.22, 0.60]; p < 0.0001) and mean PPD (WMD = 0.25 mm [95% C.I. 0.03, 0.47]; p = 0.02) compared to healthy individuals. Severe CKD (stages 4-5 vs 2-3) resulted at higher risk of PD (MH-OR = 2.21, [95% C.I. 1.07, 4.54]; p = 0.03). Heterogeneity and risk of bias were high.

Conclusions: An association between PD and CKD was found. It could be appropriate to consider PD a frequent CKD comorbidity.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; chronic kidney failure; periodontal disease; periodontitis; periomedicine.

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References

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