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. 2021 Nov 2;11(1):21441.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00252-3.

A national and sub-national metaregression of the trend of insufficient physical activity among Iranian adults between 2001 and 2016

Aida Kamalian #  1   2 , Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani #  3 , Moein Yoosefi  1   4 , Bahram Mohajer  1 , Farnam Mohebi  1   5 , Shohreh Naderimagham  1   6 , Negar Rezaei  1   6 , Erfan Ghasemi  1   4 , Mahtab Rouhifard Khalilabad  1 , Bahar Hassanmirzaei  7   8 , Maryam Selk Ghaffari  7 , Afifeh Khosravi  7 , Ramin Kordi  7 , Farshad Farzadfar  9   10
Affiliations

A national and sub-national metaregression of the trend of insufficient physical activity among Iranian adults between 2001 and 2016

Aida Kamalian et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Insufficient physical activity (IPA) caused approximately 5% of mortalities in 2017 in Iran, almost double its global average. Despite the relatively considerable burden, a knowledge gap exists regarding the trend of IPA in recent years. We described the trend of IPA prevalence utilizing the data from six rounds of STEPwise approach to risk factor Surveillance (STEPS) in Iran. We estimated the physical activity status of Iranian adults from 2006 to 2016 after adjusting for years of schooling, urbanization percentage, and wealth index. We used the spatiotemporal model to interpolate and extrapolate the IPA prevalence for the years in-between the series and from 2001 to 2006, respectively. We used the data of 177,910 participants from six STEPS surveys and found that the national prevalence of IPA had steadily increased over the course of 16 years and had almost doubled in this time period (23.1% in 2001 to 55.4% in 2016). The increase was persistent across all age and gender strata and in every province. Moreover, IPA was more prevalent among women than their male peers regardless of their age category or province of residence. The prevalence of IPA in Khuzestan (highest prevalence) was almost double compared to that in Lorestan (lowest prevalence) in 2016. The IPA prevalence increased considerably and almost doubled in 16 years among Iranian adults, particularly women. Policies need to target IPA as a high priority contributing to the burden of Non-communicable diseases.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The trend of IPA from 2001 to 2016 is demonstrated below for male, female, and both genders. The lines represent 95% UI of IPA prevalence in each time point. IPA: insufficient physical activity; 95% UI: 95% ucertainty interval.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The prevalence of IPA in 2001 and 2016 is demonstrated below for male, female, and both genders. IPA: insufficient physical activity; 95% UI: 95% uncertainty interval.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The subnational geographical distributon of IPA prevalence is demonstrated in four time points (2001, 2006, 2011, 2016) for male, female, and both genders. IPA: insufficient physical activity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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