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. 2022 Apr;35(3):1033-1040.
doi: 10.1007/s40620-021-01160-5. Epub 2021 Nov 10.

Novel 3D capsule device to restrict kidney volume expansion on polycystic kidney progression: feasibility study in a rat model

Kyongtae T Bae  1 , Kanako Kumamoto #  2 , Aya Yoshimura #  2 , Masanori Kugita  2 , Shigeo Horie  3 , Tamio Yamaguchi  4 , Junu T Bae  5 , Shizuko Nagao  6
Affiliations

Novel 3D capsule device to restrict kidney volume expansion on polycystic kidney progression: feasibility study in a rat model

Kyongtae T Bae et al. J Nephrol. 2022 Apr.

Abstract

Background: Cystogenesis in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is likely accelerated by various renal insults, including crystal deposition, that activate renal tubule obstruction and dilation. We developed a capsule-based device that can be applied to cystic kidneys to restrict tubular lumen dilatation and cyst expansion.

Methods: Kidney capsule devices were designed from computed tomography images of wild-type and Cy/+ rats. Capsule devices were surgically implanted on kidneys in six surgical sessions over a period of 14 months in 7 wild-type rats of 6.5-8 weeks (3 sham operations, 2 right, 2 left) and 6 Cy/+ rats of 6.5 weeks (2 sham, 3 left, 1 bilateral). After surgery, the rats were followed for 5.4-12.4 weeks' growth and sacrificed to retrieve the kidneys. During the follow-up, serum creatinine was measured and retrieved kidneys were weighed. Histological analysis including cystic area measurement and immunohistochemistry was performed.

Results: Morphometric capsule devices were configured and developed by an image processing technique and produced using a 3D printer. Encapsulated Cy/+ kidneys (n = 5; mean weight 3.64 g) were consistently smaller in size (by 21-36%; p < 0.001) than unencapsulated Cy/+ kidneys (n = 7; mean weight 5.52 g). Encapsulated Cy/+ kidneys (mean %cyst area: 29.4%) showed smaller histological cystic area (by 28-58%; p < 0.001) than unencapsulated Cy/+ kidneys (mean %cyst area 48.6%). Cell proliferation and macrophages were also markedly reduced in encapsulated Cy/+ kidneys, compared to unencapsulated Cy/+ kidneys.

Conclusions: We report a pilot feasibility study for the application of a novel morphometric 3D capsule device to the Cy/+ rat model showing restricted kidney volume expansion on polycystic kidney disease progression.

Keywords: 3D printing; Image-processing; Intervention; Polycystic kidney disease; Rodent experiment.

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