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. 2021 Nov;28(11):6245-6253.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.090. Epub 2021 Jul 6.

The dual impact of Jordanian Ephedra alte for inhibiting pepsin and treating microbial infections

Haya Ayyal Salman  1 , Amira Suriaty Yaakop  1 , Ahmed Al-Mustafa  2 , Khaled Tarawneh  2 , Saleem Aladaileh  3 , Fuad Al-Rimawi  4 , Fadi Alakhras  5 , Saleh Abu-Lafi  6 , Raghdaa Al Zarzour  7 , Habibah Wahab  7
Affiliations

The dual impact of Jordanian Ephedra alte for inhibiting pepsin and treating microbial infections

Haya Ayyal Salman et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Nov.

Abstract

Screening of phytochemical Ephedra alte crude extract by GC-MS and HPLC analysis indicated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic acid in the extract. The total phenolic content of E. alte methanol extract was 39.43 mg of Gallic acid eq/g, crude E. alte with 56.74, and 2.42 µg Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/g of plant extract according to DPPH and FRAP assay, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of E. alte against Staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiellaoxytoca demonstrated a mean zone diameter of inhibition ranging from 0 to 17 mm. The MIC of the extracts ranged from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/mL. E. alte extract inhibits pepsin enzyme activity with IC50 values of 213.67 µg/ml. This study revealed that E. alte extract has pepsin enzyme inhibitory, antibacterial, antioxidant activities. The current outcomes indicate that E. alte might be employed as a natural agent for managing GERD and infectious diseases.

Keywords: Anti-bacterial; Anti-pepsin; Antioxidants; Ephedra alte; GERD; Natural agent.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Line weaver–Burk plots for inhibition of pepsin in the E. alte extract.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Fractionation of Ephedra extract by TLC.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Typical HPLC-PDA chromatogram and overlaid UV–Vis spectra of crude extract of E. alte at 350 nm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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