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. 2022 Jan;101(1):155-163.
doi: 10.1007/s00277-021-04658-x. Epub 2021 Nov 12.

Ruxolitinib in the management of steroid-resistant/-dependent acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease: results of routine practice in an academic centre

Garret M K Leung  1 , Joycelyn P Y Sim  1 , Yu-Yan Hwang  1 , Thomas S Y Chan  1 , Albert K W Lie  1 , Eric Tse  1 , Yok-Lam Kwong  2
Affiliations

Ruxolitinib in the management of steroid-resistant/-dependent acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease: results of routine practice in an academic centre

Garret M K Leung et al. Ann Hematol. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an important complication after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Corticosteroids are the standard first-line treatment. Steroid-resistant/-dependent (SR/D) acute and chronic GVHD (aGVHD, cGVHD) lead to significant morbidity/mortality. The JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib has recently been shown in clinical trials to be effective in SR/D aGVHD and cGVHD. We retrospectively analysed the efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in a cohort of SR/D aGVHD and cGVHD patients treated in a non-trial setting. In the aGVHD cohort, there were 14 men and 12 women, median age at 38 (19-63) years. At day 28 post-ruxolitinib, the overall response rate (ORR) was 86% (complete response, CR, 36%; partial response, PR, 50%). Continued ruxolitinib beyond day 28 resulted in a final CR of 68%. However, 3/15 (20%) of CR patients developed cGVHD. In the cGVHD cohort, there were 16 men and 15 women, median age at 33 (21-64) years. The ORR, CR and PR rates changed with continued ruxolitinib treatment, being 86%, 17% and 69% at 1 month; 79%, 38% and 41% at 3 months; and 83%, 52% and 31% at 6 months. Five patients had overlap GVHD, four of whom achieved CR. Multivariate analysis showed that superior overall survival and failure-free survival were associated with CR at day 28 for aGVHD, and CR at 1 year for cGVHD. Ruxolitinib treatment was efficacious for SR/D aGVHD and cGVHD, and continued treatment for at least 6 months was needed to maximize benefit.

Keywords: Acute; Chronic; Graft-versus-host disease; Ruxolitinib; Steroid-refractory/-dependent.

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