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Review
. 2021 Oct 23;10(21):4882.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10214882.

The Burden of Peritoneal Metastases from Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review on the Incidence, Risk Factors and Survival

Anouk Rijken  1   2 , Robin J Lurvink  1   2 , Misha D P Luyer  1 , Grard A P Nieuwenhuijzen  1 , Felice N van Erning  2 , Johanna W van Sandick  3 , Ignace H J T de Hingh  1   2   4
Affiliations
Review

The Burden of Peritoneal Metastases from Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review on the Incidence, Risk Factors and Survival

Anouk Rijken et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

The peritoneum is a common metastatic site in gastric cancer. This systematic review provides an overview of the incidence, risk factors and survival of synchronous peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer. A systematic search was performed to identify studies wherein the incidence, risk factors and survival of gastric cancer with peritoneal metastases were investigated. Of all 38 potentially eligible studies, 17 studies were included based on the eligibility criteria. The incidence of synchronous gastric peritoneal metastases was reviewed for population-based studies (10-21%), for observational cohort studies (2-15%) and for surgical cohort studies (13-40%). Potential risk factors for synchronous gastric peritoneal metastases were younger age, non-cardia gastric cancer, female sex, signet ring cell carcinoma, diffuse type histology or linitis plastica, T4 stage, Hispanic ethnicity and more than one metastatic location. Synchronous peritoneal metastases are commonly diagnosed in patients with gastric cancer with an incidence up to 21% in recent population-based studies. Furthermore, prognosis of patients with gastric peritoneal metastases is poor with median overall survival ranging from 2 to 9 months. The high incidence and poor prognosis require intensive research on diagnostic features and effective treatment options to improve survival.

Keywords: gastric cancer; incidence; peritoneal metastases; survival; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

De Hingh reports an unrestricted research grant from RanD/QPS and Roche, outside the submitted work, paid to the institute. Nieuwenhuijzen and Luyer report consultancy payments from Medtronic outside the submitted work, paid to the institute. The other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Literature search and study selection. Details of the literature search and study selection are presented in the Appendix A and Appendix B, respectively.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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