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Review
. 2021 Oct 31;26(21):6598.
doi: 10.3390/molecules26216598.

Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of the Diterpenoids from the Genus Daphne

Yi-Wen Nie  1   2 , Yuan Li  1   2 , Lan Luo  1 , Chun-Yan Zhang  2 , Wei Fan  1 , Wei-Ying Gu  1 , Kou-Rong Shi  1 , Xiao-Xiang Zhai  3 , Jian-Yong Zhu  2
Affiliations
Review

Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of the Diterpenoids from the Genus Daphne

Yi-Wen Nie et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

There are abundant natural diterpenoids in the plants of the genus Daphne from the Thymelaeaceae family, featuring a 5/7/6-tricyclic ring system and usually with an orthoester group. So far, a total of 135 diterpenoids has been isolated from the species of the genus Daphne, which could be further classified into three main types according to the substitution pattern of ring A and oxygen-containing functions at ring B. A variety of studies have demonstrated that these compounds exert a wide range of bioactivities both in vitro and in vivo including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antifertility, neurotrophic, and cholesterol-lowering effects, which is reviewed herein. Meanwhile, the fascinating structure-activity relationship is also concluded in this review in the hope of providing an easy access to available information for the synthesis and optimization of efficient drugs.

Keywords: Daphne; bioactivities; diterpenoid.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Classification and skeletons of diterpenoids from the genus Daphne.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Distribution of diterpenoids in the species of the genus Daphne.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structures of 12-hydroxydaphnetoxins (1–54).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structures of daphnetoxins (55–83).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Structures of genkwanines (84–95).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Skeleton of resiniferonoids (96–97).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Structures of 1-alkyldaphnanes (98–107).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Structures of other daphnane diterpenoids from the genus Daphne (108–123).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Structures of tigliane-type diterpenoids (124–133).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Structures of lathyrane-type diterpenoids (134–135).
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Heat map of the IC50 values (μM) of cytotoxicity of some diterpenoids in various carcinoma cell lines in vitro.
Figure 10
Figure 10
SAR of diterpenoids as antineoplastics.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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