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. 2022 Apr;186(4):728-731.
doi: 10.1111/bjd.20890. Epub 2022 Jan 20.

Bullous pemphigoid after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: spike-protein-directed immunofluorescence confocal microscopy and T-cell-receptor studies

T Gambichler  1 , N Hamdani  2   3   4 , H Budde  2   3   4 , M Sieme  2   3   4 , M Skrygan  1 , L Scholl  1 , H Dickel  1 , B Behle  1 , N Ganjuur  1 , C Scheel  1 , N Abu Rached  1 , L Ocker  1 , R Stranzenbach  1 , M Doerler  1 , L Pfeiffer  5   6 , J C Becker  5   6
Affiliations

Bullous pemphigoid after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: spike-protein-directed immunofluorescence confocal microscopy and T-cell-receptor studies

T Gambichler et al. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Apr.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Clinical presentation of COVID‐19 vaccine‐induced bullous pemphigoid in the first patient. (b) On haematoxylin–eosin histology, both patients displayed slight spongiosis and subepidermal blisters with lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltrates. (c, d) Representative immunofluorescence confocal microscopy images of normal skin of a control patient (c) and lesional skin of patient 1 (d) showing spike protein immunoreactivity. However, there was only a very likely unspecific immunoreactivity in the horny layer of the patient and control skin. (e) T‐cell receptor (TCR) analysis of patient 1. Classical TCR repertoire metrics: richness gives the number of unique TCR rearrangements within a sample; iChao1 is an estimator of the lower bound of the true richness of a sample; Simpsons’ diversity reflects the probability that two randomly picked sequences from a sample are the same; clonality reflects the abundance of clonally expanded T‐cell clonotypes within a sample. PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell. (f) Frequency of the top six expanded T‐cell clonotypes within the whole TCR repertoire including blood and tissue of a patient. TCRMatch was used to infer the antigen specificity of the respective clonotype. (g) Clonotypes were annotated with the antigen specificity with the highest score according to TCRMatch. Depiction of the results from application of the GLIPH algorithm. Global similarities are marked in orange and local similarities in blue. Additional TCR sequences that recognize the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein (VDJdb) were subjoined to infer antigen specificity.
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References

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