Translation, Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, and Validity Evidence of the Feeding/Swallowing Impact Survey (FS-IS) to Brazilian Portuguese

Cristiane G Rama¹, Fernanda B Bernardes², Maureen A Lefton-Greif³, Deborah S Levy^{4

5}, Vera L Bosa^{4

2}

Affiliations

¹ Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua: Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, 90.035-003, Brazil. cristiane@galbeno.com.br.
² Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
³ Departments of Pediatrics, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
⁴ Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua: Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, 90.035-003, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Health and Human Communication, Psychology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

PMID: 34779911
DOI: 10.1007/s00455-021-10383-4

Translation, Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, and Validity Evidence of the Feeding/Swallowing Impact Survey (FS-IS) to Brazilian Portuguese

Cristiane G Rama et al. Dysphagia. 2022 Oct.

. 2022 Oct;37(5):1226-1237.

doi: 10.1007/s00455-021-10383-4. Epub 2021 Nov 15.

Authors

Cristiane G Rama¹, Fernanda B Bernardes², Maureen A Lefton-Greif³, Deborah S Levy^{4

5}, Vera L Bosa^{4

2}

Affiliations

¹ Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua: Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, 90.035-003, Brazil. cristiane@galbeno.com.br.
² Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
³ Departments of Pediatrics, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
⁴ Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua: Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, Porto Alegre, RS, 90.035-003, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Health and Human Communication, Psychology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

PMID: 34779911
DOI: 10.1007/s00455-021-10383-4

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to translate and adapt the Feeding/Swallowing Impact Survey (FS-IS) into Brazilian Portuguese and provide a validated instrument for caregivers of children with feeding/swallowing disorders. This cross-cultural study involved initial translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, Committee of Experts, and pre-test. The sample consisted of 95 primary caregivers of children with feeding/swallowing disorders classified by Pediatric Dysphagia Evaluation Protocol (PDEP) in mild (n = 9), moderate-severe (n = 40), or profound (n = 46) dysphagia. Reliability and evidence of validity based on test content, response processes, internal structure and the relations to other variables were investigated. Internal consistency, test-retest, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed, in addition to the correlation with PedsQL™ Family Impact Module (PedsQL^TMFIM). The pre-test participants did not report any difficulties in understanding the translated version. The Brazilian Portuguese version of FS-IS (Pt-Br-FS-IS) presented Cronbach's Alpha of 0.83, Exploratory Factor Analysis verified that the instrument would not be unifactorial (KMO = 0.74 and Bartlett's sphericity test p < 0.001) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed the original model in three subscales with χ²/df = 1.23, CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.90, RMSEA (90% CI) 0.049 (0.011-0.073) adjustment indexes and the ICC was excellent in all subscales and total score. The correlation with PedsQL™FIM was significant in the total score and subscales. This study successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted the FS-IS instrument to the Brazilian Portuguese language and the investigation of its reliability and validity evidence suggests that the Pt-Br-FS-IS is a reliable and valid tool to measure the impact of feeding/swallowing disorders on the quality of life of caregivers of affected children.

Keywords: Adaptation; Caregivers; Child; Health-related quality of life; Swallowing disorders; Validation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Cited by

Swallowing disorders in cerebral palsy: a systematic review of oropharyngeal Dysphagia, nutritional impact, and health risks.
Calderone A, Militi D, Cardile D, Corallo F, Calabrò RS, Militi A. Calderone A, et al. Ital J Pediatr. 2025 Feb 22;51(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s13052-025-01903-1. Ital J Pediatr. 2025. PMID: 39985076 Free PMC article.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Preliminary Validation of the Italian Version of the Feeding-Swallowing Impact Survey for both Members of Parental Dyads.
Baffi A, Crispiatico V, Aiello EN, Curti B, De Luca G, Poletti B, Buratti M, Montali L. Baffi A, et al. Dysphagia. 2025 Mar 7. doi: 10.1007/s00455-025-10816-4. Online ahead of print. Dysphagia. 2025. PMID: 40053085
A New Instrument to Define Parental Fear Regarding Feeding Their Children: A Reliability and Validity Study.
Yeşilkuş R, Serel Arslan S. Yeşilkuş R, et al. Dysphagia. 2025 Aug;40(4):1008-1021. doi: 10.1007/s00455-024-10800-4. Epub 2025 Jan 18. Dysphagia. 2025. PMID: 39825961
Global State of the Art and Science of Childhood Dysphagia: Similarities and Disparities in Burden.
Lefton-Greif MA, Arvedson JC, Farneti D, Levy DS, Jadcherla SR. Lefton-Greif MA, et al. Dysphagia. 2024 Dec;39(6):989-1000. doi: 10.1007/s00455-024-10683-5. Epub 2024 Mar 19. Dysphagia. 2024. PMID: 38503935 Review.

References

1. Lefton-Greif MA. Pediatric dysphagia. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008;19(4):837–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2008.05.007 . - DOI - PubMed
1. Arvedson JC. Assessment of pediatric dysphagia and feeding disorders: clinical and instrumental approaches. Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2008;14(2):118–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/ddrr.17 . - DOI - PubMed
1. Lau C. Development of infant oral feeding skills: what do we know? Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(2):616s–21s. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.109603 . - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Pagliaro CL, Bühler KE, Ibidi SM, Limongi SC. Dietary transition difficulties in preterm infants: critical literature review. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2016;92(1):714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2015 . - DOI
1. Lefton-Greif MA, Arvedson JC. Pediatric feeding/swallowing: yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Semin Speech Lang. 2016;37(4):298–309. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1587702 . - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
- Springer
Medical
- MedlinePlus Health Information
Miscellaneous
- NCI CPTAC Assay Portal

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Translation, Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, and Validity Evidence of the Feeding/Swallowing Impact Survey (FS-IS) to Brazilian Portuguese

Affiliations

Translation, Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, and Validity Evidence of the Feeding/Swallowing Impact Survey (FS-IS) to Brazilian Portuguese

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Similar articles

Cited by

References

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

Miscellaneous