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. 2021 Dec 20;39(52):7655-7660.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.004. Epub 2021 Nov 14.

Serogroup B meningococcal disease in persons previously vaccinated with a serogroup B meningococcal vaccine - United States, 2014-2019

Heather E Reese  1 , Lucy A McNamara  2 , Vianca Vianzon  3 , Amy Blain  2 , Nadav Topaz  2 , Patricia Many  4 , Bree Barbeau  5 , Justin P Albertson  6 , Esther Lam  7 , Charla DeBolt  7 , Elizabeth F Zaremski  8 , Susan E Hannagan  8 , Derek J Evans  9 , Susan Hariri  2 , Xin Wang  2 , Dan M Granoff  10 , Sarah Mbaeyi  2
Affiliations

Serogroup B meningococcal disease in persons previously vaccinated with a serogroup B meningococcal vaccine - United States, 2014-2019

Heather E Reese et al. Vaccine. .

Abstract

Since serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccines became available in the United States, six serogroup B meningococcal disease cases have been reported in MenB-4C (n = 4) or MenB-FHbp (n = 2) recipients. Cases were identified and characterized through surveillance and health record review. All five available isolates were characterized using whole genome sequencing; four isolates (from MenB-4C recipients) were further characterized using flow cytometry, MenB-4C-induced serum bactericidal activity (SBA), and genetic Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (gMATS). Three patients were at increased meningococcal disease risk because of an outbreak or underlying medical conditions, and only four of the six patients had completed a full 2-dose MenB series. Isolates were available from 5 patients, and all contained sub-family A FHbp. The four isolates from MenB-4C recipients expressed NhbA but were mismatched for the other MenB-4C vaccine antigens. These four isolates were relatively resistant to MenB-4C-induced SBA, but predicted by gMATS to be covered. Overall, patient risk factors, incomplete vaccine series completion, waning immunity, and strain resistance to SBA likely contributed to disease in these six patients.

Keywords: Meningococcal infection; Meningococcal vaccines; Neisseria meningitidis; Serogroup B; United States.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: DG reports financial support was provided by NIAID, NIH. DG reports relationships with Sanofi Pasteur, OneBiopharma LLC, and OMVax Inc that include consulting or advisory. DG has patents for GNA1870-based vesicle vaccines for broad spectrum protection against diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis. U.S. patent number 10,046,043, Issued August 14, 2018. licensed to OMVax, and for Factor H binding proteins (FHBP) with altered properties and methods of use, U.S. patent number 9,439,95, issued September 13, 2016. licensed to Sanofi and OMVax. All other authors have no known competing interests to declare.

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