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. 2021 Feb 10:9:27262-27277.
doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3058448. eCollection 2021.

An IoT-Based Healthcare Platform for Patients in ICU Beds During the COVID-19 Outbreak

Itamir de Morais Barroca Filho  1 , Gibeon Aquino  2 , Ramon Santos Malaquias  1 , Gustavo Girao  1 , Savio Rennan Menezes Melo  2
Affiliations

An IoT-Based Healthcare Platform for Patients in ICU Beds During the COVID-19 Outbreak

Itamir de Morais Barroca Filho et al. IEEE Access. .

Abstract

There is a global concern with the escalating number of patients at hospitals caused mainly by population aging, chronic diseases, and recently by the COVID-19 outbreak. To smooth this challenge, IoT emerges as an encouraging paradigm because it provides the scalability required for this purpose, supporting continuous and reliable health monitoring on a global scale. Based on this context, an IoT-based healthcare platform to provide remote monitoring for patients in a critical situation was proposed in the authors' previous works. Therefore, this paper aims to extend the platform by integrating wearable and unobtrusive sensors to monitor patients with coronavirus disease. Furthermore, we report a real deployment of our approach in an intensive care unit for COVID-19 patients in Brazil.

Keywords: COVID-19; Healthcare; Internet of Things; platform; remote monitoring.

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Figures

FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 1.
Technology integration in a Healthcare 4.0 scenario. Adapted from Yang et. al .
FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 2.
Home hospitalization system. Adapted from Hassen et. al .
FIGURE 3.
FIGURE 3.
Examples of sensors and applications.
FIGURE 4.
FIGURE 4.
The methodology used to develop PAR.
FIGURE 5.
FIGURE 5.
Healthcare platform use case diagram.
FIGURE 6.
FIGURE 6.
PAR decomposition view as an instance of RAH.
FIGURE 7.
FIGURE 7.
PAR component and connector view.
FIGURE 8.
FIGURE 8.
IoT-based platform to integrate patients, physicians and clinical staff.
FIGURE 9.
FIGURE 9.
Part of the ICU beds being monitored with PAR .
FIGURE 10.
FIGURE 10.
The connections between sensors, multi-parameter monitors and the solution for remote monitoring in the ICU.
FIGURE 11.
FIGURE 11.
The Raspberry Pi 3 where the PAR Gateway was installed, connected to the ICU VLAN.
FIGURE 12.
FIGURE 12.
History from 19 to 21 August 2020 of formula image of a patient admitted to the ICU where PAR is implanted.
FIGURE 13.
FIGURE 13.
List of patients admitted to the ICU at that time.
FIGURE 14.
FIGURE 14.
History from 19 to 21 August 2020 of formula image of a patient admitted to the ICU where PAR is implanted.
FIGURE 15.
FIGURE 15.
Historical report between August 19 and 21, 2020 of the formula image segment, breathing (formula image) and formula image of a patient admitted to the ICU where PAR was implanted.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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