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Review
. 2021 Sep 27;8(4):665-681.
doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2021053. eCollection 2021.

COVID-19 pandemic containment in the Caribbean Region: A review of case-management and public health strategies

Srikanth Umakanthan  1 , Anuradha Chauhan  2 , Madan Mohan Gupta  3 , Pradeep Kumar Sahu  4 , Maryann M Bukelo  5 , Vijay Kumar Chattu  6   7   8
Affiliations
Review

COVID-19 pandemic containment in the Caribbean Region: A review of case-management and public health strategies

Srikanth Umakanthan et al. AIMS Public Health. .

Abstract

COVID-19 emerged initially from Wuhan, Hubei province, China, in late December 2019, and since then, it has spread globally to be declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The Caribbean region started reporting COVID-19 cases in early March 2020, triggering new regional public health crises. The initial suspects and confirmed cases across the Caribbean countries were mainly imported cases and from cruise ships. The clinical manifestations varied from fever, cough, and malaise in mild cases to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and shock in severe cases. The Caribbean Public Health Agency has provided frequent updates on the preventive strategies and quarantine measures across the Caribbean member states. COVID-19 has had a serious impact on the Caribbean region's health system, economy, and psychology. This review presents the Caribbean perspective of COVID-19, detailing the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and preventive and surveillance measures. Vaccine hesitancy was found to be a major challenge that needs appropriate health education strategies to address the public. Strong leadership and regional collaboration among the Caribbean member states are necessary to provide optimal real-time data to the public and implement appropriate and effective guidelines in the island states.

Keywords: COVID-19; Caribbean; pandemic; quarantine; transmission; vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Global statistics and comparisons of confirmed COVID-19 cases.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Global statistics and comparison of COVID-19 deaths.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Global statistics and comparison of COVID-19 case fatality rate.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. Caribbean region confirmed COVID-19 cases.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.. Caribbean region deaths due to COVID-19.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.. The case fatality rate in the Caribbean region due to COVID-19.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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