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. 2022 Jan;25(1):76-82.
doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.14251. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

Predictive factors for concomitant pulmonary arterial hypertension at diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese population

Ying Pan  1 , Yining Sun  1 , Lan He  1
Affiliations

Predictive factors for concomitant pulmonary arterial hypertension at diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese population

Ying Pan et al. Int J Rheum Dis. 2022 Jan.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the predictive factors of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.

Method: This chart review study included 408 SLE patients. We defined PAH as 2 consecutive systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) values ≥40 mm Hg by echocardiography. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, autoantibodies, and laboratory tests were studied.

Results: Thirty-four patients in the SLE/PAH+ group and 374 patients in the SLE/PAH- group were analyzed. The prevalence of PAH in SLE is 8.3% in this study. The occurrences of interstitial pneumonitis, polyserositis and myocardial damage were higher in the SLE/PAH+ group (P = .001, P = .033 and P < .001, respectively). The occurrence of anti-double-stranded DNA and anti-ribosomal RNA protein (anti-rRNP) antibodies were lower in the SLE/PAH+ group (P = .003, .010). Positive rates of anti-Sjögren's syndrome antigen A (anti-SSA)/Ro52 antibodies and anti-SSB antibodies were higher in the SLE/PAH+ group (P = .046, .021). C-reactive protein and immunoglobin G (IgG) were higher in the SLE/PAH+ group (P = .009, .005). Ejection fraction and SLE disease activity index between the 2 groups had no differences. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that interstitial pneumonitis, myocardial damage and high IgG are predictive factors for SLE-associated PAH patients.

Conclusion: From this study, we found that interstitial pneumonitis, myocardial damage, and high IgG were predictive factors of PAH in SLE patients.

Keywords: autoantibodies; predictive factors; pulmonary arterial hypertension; systemic lupus erythematosus.

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