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Observational Study
. 2021 Nov 19;21(1):554.
doi: 10.1186/s12872-021-02367-x.

Proteinuria is independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis: a multicentric study

Wencai Jiang  1   2   3 , Meixiang Chen  4 , Jianyu Huang  3 , Yu Shang  5 , Changyu Qin  4 , Zheng Ruan  2 , Shuang Li  6 , Ruixin Wang  2 , Pengfei Li  4 , Yuekang Huang  4 , Jianxiong Liu  7 , Lin Xu  8   9   10
Affiliations
Observational Study

Proteinuria is independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis: a multicentric study

Wencai Jiang et al. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. .

Abstract

Background and aims: Atherosclerosis is a vital cause of cardiovascular diseases. The correlation between proteinuria and atherosclerosis, however, has not been confirmed. This study aimed to assess whether there is a relationship between proteinuria and atherosclerosis.

Methods: From January 2016 to September 2020, 13,545 asymptomatic subjects from four centres in southern China underwent dipstick proteinuria testing and carotid atherosclerosis examination. Data on demography and past medical history were collected, and laboratory examinations were performed. The samples consisted of 7405 subjects (4875 males and 2530 females), excluding subjects failing to reach predefined standards and containing enough information. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to adjust the influence of traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis on the results.

Results: Compared with proteinuria-negative subjects, proteinuria-positive subjects had a higher prevalence rate of carotid atherosclerosis. The differences were statistically significant (22.6% vs. 26.7%, χ2 = 10.03, p = 0.002). After adjusting for common risk factors for atherosclerosis, age, sex, BMI, blood lipids, blood pressure, renal function, hypertensive disease, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia, proteinuria was an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (OR = 1.191, 95% CI 1.015-1.398, p = 0.033). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to test the risk prediction model of atherosclerosis, and the results showed that the model has high goodness of fit and strong independent variable prediction ability.

Conclusions: Proteinuria is independently related to carotid atherosclerosis. With the increase in proteinuria level, the risk of carotid atherosclerotic plaque increases. For patients with positive proteinuria, further examination of atherosclerosis should not be ignored.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular diseases; Epidemiology; Proteinuria; Risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The flow of participants from screening
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The age distribution of men and women
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Fig. 3
Proteinuria according to the multiterritorial extent of carotid atherosclerosis
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The ROC curve of the newly established multivariate logistic regression model
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Relationship between urinary protein and atherosclerosis
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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