Is there an association between otologic symptoms and temporomandibular disorders?: An evidence-based review

Abstract

Background: The aim of this article is to discuss the scientific evidence available on the pathophysiology and management of otologic complaints in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Types of studies reviewed: The authors conducted an electronic search in MEDLINE, Web of Science and ScienceDirect and retrieved all the relevant peer-reviewed journal articles available in English on the topic. No time restriction was applied.

Results: No consensus exists on the management of otologic symptoms in patients with concomitant TMD. The scientific evidence suggests that conservative or reversible TMD therapy might provide relief. However, this evidence is scarce and low, thus further studies with larger sample sizes and better designed methodological frameworks are needed. Until such evidence is available, dentists and orofacial pain specialists should treat TMD patients using current guidelines and refer those with otologic symptoms to an otolaryngologist.

Practical implications: Given the wide range of potential pathophysiologies and treatments for each otologic symptom described in the TMD patient, close collaboration with otolaryngologists is essential to achieve the best patient care.

Keywords: Temporomandibular disorders; ear fullness; hearing loss; otalgia; otologic symptoms; pruritus; tinnitus; vertigo.