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. 2021 Nov;29(6):e390-e394.
doi: 10.1097/IPC.0000000000001051. Epub 2021 Aug 4.

Comparing Serum Levels of Vitamin D and Zinc in Novel Coronavirus-Infected Patients and Healthy Individuals in Northeastern Iran, 2020

Seyed Javad Hosseini  1 , Bagher Moradi  2 , Mahmood Marhemati  1 , Ali Asghar Firouzian  1 , Eshagh Ildarabadi  1 , Ali Abedi  1 , Mahbobeh Firooz  1
Affiliations

Comparing Serum Levels of Vitamin D and Zinc in Novel Coronavirus-Infected Patients and Healthy Individuals in Northeastern Iran, 2020

Seyed Javad Hosseini et al. Infect Dis Clin Pract (Baltim Md). 2021 Nov.

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 infection has recently become a pandemic disease around the world, and its risk factors have not fully evaluated. This study aimed to compare the serum vitamin D (Vit D) and zinc levels in patients infected with novel coronavirus and healthy volunteers (HVs).

Methods: This was a single-center, cross-sectional study conducted on 56 patients (32 severe cases and 24 nonsevere) admitted to the COVID-19 ward and 46 HVs living in Esfarayen City, North Khorasan Province of Iran. Serum levels of Vit D and zinc in admitted patients to the COVID-19 ward and HVs were measured.

Results: The average levels of serum Vit D in severe cases, nonsevere cases, and HVs were 31.03 ± 15.49, 37.25 ± 18.49, and 39.33 ± 14.83, respectively (P = 0.05). Moreover, the average concentrations of serum zinc in severe cases, nonsevere cases, and HVs were 31.03 ± 15.49, 37.25 ± 18.49, and 39.33 ± 14.83, respectively (P = 0.01). Mortality rate, reinfection (for 5 months), and length of hospital stay in severe cases were higher than in nonsevere cases (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: Results showed that severe cases had lower levels of Vit D than did other groups and were marginally significant. Also, severe cases had a significantly low level of zinc when compared with nonsevere cases and HVs. Levels of Vit D and zinc can affect the incidence of COVID-19 infection.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; novel coronaviruses; vitamin D; zinc.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Box plots of Vit D in the patient (severe and nonsevere) and control groups.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Box plots of zinc in the patient (severe and nonsevere) and control groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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