Multicenter Study

. 2022 Mar 15;91(6):582-592.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.008. Epub 2021 Sep 16.

Longitudinal Structural Brain Changes in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study of 1232 Individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group

Christoph Abé¹, Christopher R K Ching², Benny Liberg³, Alexander V Lebedev³, Ingrid Agartz⁴, Theophilus N Akudjedu⁵, Martin Alda⁶, Dag Alnæs⁷, Silvia Alonso-Lana⁸, Francesco Benedetti⁹, Michael Berk¹⁰, Erlend Bøen¹¹, Caterina Del Mar Bonnin¹², Fabian Breuer⁹, Katharina Brosch¹³, Rachel M Brouwer¹⁴, Erick J Canales-Rodríguez¹⁵, Dara M Cannon¹⁶, Yann Chye¹⁷, Andreas Dahl¹⁸, Orwa Dandash¹⁹, Udo Dannlowski²⁰, Katharina Dohm²⁰, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen²¹, Lukas Fisch²⁰, Janice M Fullerton²², Jose M Goikolea¹², Dominik Grotegerd²⁰, Beathe Haatveit²³, Tim Hahn²⁴, Tomas Hajek²⁴, Walter Heindel²⁵, Martin Ingvar²⁶, Kang Sim²⁷, Tilo T J Kircher¹³, Rhoshel K Lenroot²⁸, Ulrik F Malt²⁹, Colm McDonald¹⁶, Sean R McWhinney³⁰, Ingrid Melle²³, Tina Meller¹³, Elisa M T Melloni³¹, Philip B Mitchell³², Leila Nabulsi³³, Igor Nenadić¹³, Nils Opel²⁰, Bronwyn J Overs³⁴, Francesco Panicalli³⁵, Julia-Katharina Pfarr¹³, Sara Poletti³⁶, Edith Pomarol-Clotet⁸, Joaquim Radua³⁷, Jonathan Repple³⁷, Kai G Ringwald¹³, Gloria Roberts³², Elena Rodriguez-Cano³⁸, Raymond Salvador⁸, Kelvin Sarink²⁷, Salvador Sarró³⁹, Simon Schmitt⁴⁰, Frederike Stein¹³, Chao Suo¹⁷, Sophia I Thomopoulos², Giulia Tronchin¹⁶, Eduard Vieta¹², Lars T Westlye⁴¹, Adam G White⁴², Lakshmi N Yatham⁴³, Nathalia Zak⁴⁴, Paul M Thompson², Ole A Andreassen⁴⁵, Mikael Landén⁴⁶; ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: christoph.abe@ki.se.
² Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
³ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁴ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
⁵ Institute of Medical Imaging and Visualisation, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
⁷ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway.
⁸ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain.
⁹ Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
¹⁰ Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Deakin University, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
¹¹ Unit of Psychosomatic and CL Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
¹² Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Bipolar Disorders and Depressive Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
¹³ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
¹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
¹⁵ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Signal Processing Laboratory, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹⁶ Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
¹⁷ Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Science and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁸ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
²⁰ Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²¹ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
²² School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²³ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
²⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²⁵ Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²⁶ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Neuroradiology, Stockholm, Sweden.
²⁷ Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²⁸ University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
²⁹ Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Section for C-L Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
³⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
³¹ Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
³² School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³³ Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
³⁴ Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³⁵ Hospital general de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain; Benito Menni CASM, Barcelona, Spain.
³⁶ Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
³⁷ Center for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
³⁸ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Benito Menni CASM, Barcelona, Spain.
³⁹ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
⁴⁰ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁴¹ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁴² Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁴³ Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁴⁴ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
⁴⁵ KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁴⁶ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

PMID: 34809987
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.008

Free article

Multicenter Study

Longitudinal Structural Brain Changes in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study of 1232 Individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group

Christoph Abé et al. Biol Psychiatry. 2022.

Free article

. 2022 Mar 15;91(6):582-592.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.008. Epub 2021 Sep 16.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: christoph.abe@ki.se.
² Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
³ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁴ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
⁵ Institute of Medical Imaging and Visualisation, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
⁷ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway.
⁸ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain.
⁹ Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
¹⁰ Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Deakin University, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
¹¹ Unit of Psychosomatic and CL Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
¹² Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Bipolar Disorders and Depressive Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institute of Neurosciences, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
¹³ Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
¹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
¹⁵ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Signal Processing Laboratory, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
¹⁶ Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
¹⁷ Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Science and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁸ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
¹⁹ Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
²⁰ Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²¹ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
²² School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²³ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
²⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²⁵ Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²⁶ Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Neuroradiology, Stockholm, Sweden.
²⁷ Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
²⁸ University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
²⁹ Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Section for C-L Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
³⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
³¹ Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
³² School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³³ Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
³⁴ Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
³⁵ Hospital general de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain; Benito Menni CASM, Barcelona, Spain.
³⁶ Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
³⁷ Center for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
³⁸ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Benito Menni CASM, Barcelona, Spain.
³⁹ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
⁴⁰ FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
⁴¹ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁴² Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁴³ Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁴⁴ Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
⁴⁵ KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
⁴⁶ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

PMID: 34809987
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.008

Abstract

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with cortical and subcortical structural brain abnormalities. It is unclear whether such alterations progressively change over time, and how this is related to the number of mood episodes. To address this question, we analyzed a large and diverse international sample with longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data to examine structural brain changes over time in BD.

Methods: Longitudinal structural MRI and clinical data from the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) BD Working Group, including 307 patients with BD and 925 healthy control subjects, were collected from 14 sites worldwide. Male and female participants, aged 40 ± 17 years, underwent MRI at 2 time points. Cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volumes were estimated using FreeSurfer. Annualized change rates for each imaging phenotype were compared between patients with BD and healthy control subjects. Within patients, we related brain change rates to the number of mood episodes between time points and tested for effects of demographic and clinical variables.

Results: Compared with healthy control subjects, patients with BD showed faster enlargement of ventricular volumes and slower thinning of the fusiform and parahippocampal cortex (0.18 <d < 0.22). More (hypo)manic episodes were associated with faster cortical thinning, primarily in the prefrontal cortex.

Conclusions: In the hitherto largest longitudinal MRI study on BD, we did not detect accelerated cortical thinning but noted faster ventricular enlargements in BD. However, abnormal frontocortical thinning was observed in association with frequent manic episodes. Our study yields insights into disease progression in BD and highlights the importance of mania prevention in BD treatment.

Keywords: Bipolar disorder; ENIGMA; Longitudinal study; Neuroimaging; Neuroprogression; Psychiatry.

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Brain-Based Abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder: Neuroprogression (and Neurodevelopment).
Burdick KE. Burdick KE. Biol Psychiatry. 2022 Mar 15;91(6):529-530. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.12.005. Biol Psychiatry. 2022. PMID: 35177205 No abstract available.

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Longitudinal Structural Brain Changes in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study of 1232 Individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group

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Longitudinal Structural Brain Changes in Bipolar Disorder: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study of 1232 Individuals by the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group

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