Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Nov 22;7(4):00358-2021.
doi: 10.1183/23120541.00358-2021. eCollection 2021 Oct.

Impact of the UK lockdown on people at risk of COPD

Gavin C Donaldson  1 , Andrew I Ritchie  1 , Peter M A Calverley  2 , Jorgen Vestbo  3 , Malin Fageras  4 , Alberto de la Hoz  5 , Enrica Bucchioni  6 , Chris H Compton  7 , Karen Mezzi  8 , Jadwiga A Wedzicha  1
Affiliations

Impact of the UK lockdown on people at risk of COPD

Gavin C Donaldson et al. ERJ Open Res. .

Abstract

Impact of the UK lockdown on early COPD https://bit.ly/3laMsmi.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: G.C. Donaldson reports grants from AstraZeneca, and personal fees from AstraZeneca, the American Thoracic Society, FWO Flanders and Novartis, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: A.I. Ritchie has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: P.M.A. Calverley reports grants and personal fees from GlaxoSmithKline, personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Phillips Respironics, Novartis, Recipharm and Zambon, and personal fees and nonfinancial support from Boehringer Ingelheim outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: J. Vestbo reports personal fees from AstraZeneca and Boehringer Ingelheim, grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, and personal fees from Chiesi, GSK, Novartis and TEVA, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: M. Fageras has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. de la Hoz reports a salary from Boehringer Ingelheim International. Conflict of interest: E. Bucchioni is an employee of Chiesi. Conflict of interest: C.H. Compton is an employee of and holds shares in GSK. Conflict of interest: K. Mezzi is a Novartis Pharma AG employee. Conflict of interest: J.A. Wedzicha reports grants from GSK, meeting expenses only (no personal fees since January 2015) from Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim and AstraZeneca, and a grant from Chiesi outside the submitted work.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
The proportion of nonsmoking participants, frequency of upper respiratory tract infections, and depression and anxiety scores before and during lockdown in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Arcavi L, Benowitz NL. Cigarette smoking and infection. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 2206–2216. doi:10.1001/archinte.164.20.2206 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Stämpfli MR, Anderson GP. How cigarette smoke skews immune responses to promote infection, lung disease and cancer. Nat Rev Immunol 2009; 9: 377–384. doi:10.1038/nri2530 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Vardavas CI, Nikitara K. Covid-19 and smoking: a systematic review of the evidence. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18: 20. doi:10.18332/tid/119324 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Tattan-Birch H, Perski O, Jackson S, et al. . Covid-19, smoking, vaping and quitting: a representative population survey in England. Addiction 2021; 116: 1186–1195. doi:10.1111/add.15251 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Jackson SE, Garnett C, Shahab L, et al. . Association of the COVID-19 lockdown with smoking, drinking and attempts to quit in England: an analysis of 2019–20 data. Addiction 2021; 116: 1233–1244. doi:10.1111/add.15295 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources