Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Oct 28;12(11):973.
doi: 10.3390/insects12110973.

The Primary Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Lappet Moth Brahmophthalma hearseyi (Lepidoptera: Brahmaeidae) and Related Phylogenetic Analysis

Shan Yang  1 , Shangren Gao  1 , Shiyu Cai  1 , Zhiwen Zou  1 , Tianrong Xin  1 , Bin Xia  1
Affiliations

The Primary Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Lappet Moth Brahmophthalma hearseyi (Lepidoptera: Brahmaeidae) and Related Phylogenetic Analysis

Shan Yang et al. Insects. .

Abstract

Background: Brahmophthalma hearseyi (Lepidoptera: Brahmaeidae) is widely distributed across China. Its larvae damage the leaves of many plants such as those belonging to the Oleaceae family, causing significant economic losses and seriously affecting the survival and reproduction of Cervus nippon; however, genetic data for this species are scarce. Methods: The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of B. hearseyi was sequenced using long-PCR and primer-walking methods. Phylogenetic analysis that was based on 13 PCGs and two rRNAs was carried out using the neighbor-joining and Bayesian interference methods. Results: The mitogenome is a typical circular molecule that is made up of 15,442 bp, which includes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and an A + T-rich region (456 bp). All of the PCGs, except for COX1 and COX2, start with ATN codons. COX2 and ND5 use the incomplete termination codon T, and 11 other PCGs use the typical stop codon TAA. All tRNA genes, except for trnS1 and trnS2, display a typical cloverleaf structure; trnS1 lacks the "DHU" arm, whereas trnS2 exhibits two mismatched base pairs in the anticodon stem. Phylogenetic analysis showed that B. hearseyi is clustered into Brahmaeidae, and the phylogenetic relationships are (Brahmaeidae + Lasiocampidae) + (Bombycidae + (Sphingidae + Saturniidae)). Conclusions: This study provides the first mitogenomic resources for the Brahmaeidae.

Keywords: Bombycoidea; Brahmophthalma hearseyi; Lasiocampoidea phylogenetic analysis; mitochondrial genome.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Circular map of the Brahmophthalma hearseyi mitochondrial genome. CR refers to the A + T-rich region.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Neighbor-joining tree based on the PCG dataset; (B) Neighbor-joining tree based on the rRNA dataset; (C) Bayesian inference tree based on the PCG dataset; (D) Bayesian inference tree based on the rRNA dataset.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Avise J.C., Arnold J., Ball R.M., Bermingham E., Lamb T., Neigel J.E., Saunders N.C. Intraspecific phylogeography: The mitochondrial DNA bridge between population genetics and systematics. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1987;18:489–522. doi: 10.1146/annurev.es.18.110187.002421. - DOI
    1. Graeber M.B., Müller U. Recent developments in the molecular genetics of mitochondrial disorders. J. Neurol. Sci. 1998;153:251–263. doi: 10.1016/S0022-510X(97)00295-5. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Liu X.H., Jian X.U., Zhou J., Xiao-Ping L.U. The morphology of Brahmophthalma hearseyi white and the characters in Suzhou. J. Chang. Inst. Technol. 2009;23:69–70.
    1. Zhu H.F., Wang L.Y. Chinese Brahmaeidae. Acta Entomol. Sin. 1977;20:83–84.
    1. Shimazaki A., Miyashita T. Deer browsing reduces leaf damage by herbivorous insects through an induced response of the host plant. Ecol. Res. 2002;17:527–533. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1703.2002.00510.x. - DOI