Effects of oxytocin and antagonist antidote atosiban on body weight and food intake of female mice, Mus musculus

Abstract

Growing evidence suggests that oxytocin (OT) plays an important factor for the control of food intake, body weight, and energy metabolism in human and non-human animals. It has reported previously, the downregulation in oxytocin receptors (OTRs) expression is linked with the development of obesity, but exogenous OT reverse body weight and food intake in obese animal model. It is important to know that, whether intraperitoneal administration crosses blood brain barrier. Therefore, in the present experiment, we study the impact of intraperitoneal administration of synthetic OT 0.0116 mg/kg and antagonist atosiban (OTA) 1 mg/kg on food intake, and body weight of female mice, Mus musculus for different duration i.e. 30, 60, and 90 days. In this study, it was observed that there was significant decrease (p<0.001, one-way analysis of variance [ANOVA]) in the body weight (BW), food intake, and gonadosmatic indices (GSI) after the intraperitoneal exposure of OT at dose 0.0116 mg/kg up to 90 days and inhibits via antagonist atosiban. These results indicates that intraperitoneal administration of OT can be used for treatment for longer duration without any side effects and maintains homeostasis in physiologic system regulates body weight and gonadal weight in female mice, which represent an important therapeutic tool for the obesity and metabolic disorder in female.

Keywords: AN, Arcuate Nucleus; ANOVA, One-Way Analysis of Variance; BBB, Blood Brain Barrier; BW, Body Weight; Body weight; CNS, Central Nervous System; Energy metabolism; Food intake; GI, Gastrointestinal; GPCR, G-Protein Coupled Receptor; GSI, Gonadosomatic Indices; Gonadosomatic indices; HPG, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis; I.P., Intraperitoneal; ICV, Intracerebroventricular; NTS, Nucleus Tractus Solitarius; OT, Oxytocin; OTA, Antagonist Atosiban; OTRs, Oxytocin Receptors; Oxytocin; PCOS, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; PVN, Paraventricular Nuclei; SEM, Standard Error of Mean; SIM1, Single Minded 1 Gene; SON, Supraoptic Nuclei; VP, Vasopressin; VTA, Ventral Tegmental Area.

Fig. 1

Comparison of Body weight (BW) (g) after different duration i.e. 30, 60, and 90 days treatment of Oxytocin (OT), Oxytocin (OT)+Oxytocin antagonist Atosiban (OTA), Oxytocin Antagonist Atosiban (OTA) alone and Control female animal Mus musculus. Data represent mean ± SEM values (n = 6 per group), *p< 0.05, ***p< 0.001, NS = non significant from the control vs. treated by one way ANOVA.

Fig. 2

Comparison of Food Intake (grams) after different duration i.e. 30, 60, and 90 days treatment of Oxytocin (OT), Oxytocin (OT)+Oxytocin antagonist Atosiban (OTA), Oxytocin Antagonist Atosiban (OTA) alone and Control female animal Mus musculus. Data represent mean ± SEM values (n = 6 per group), *p< 0.05, ***p< 0.001, NS = non significant from the control vs. treated by one way ANOVA.

Fig. 3

Comparison of Gonadosomatic indices (GSI) (mg/g100BW) after different duration i.e. 30, 60, and 90 days treatment of Oxytocin (OT), Oxytocin (OT)+Oxytocin antagonist Atosiban (OTA), Oxytocin Antagonist Atosiban (OTA) alone and Control female animal Mus musculus. Data represent mean ± SEM values (n = 6 per group), *p< 0.05, ***p< 0.001, NS = non significant from the control vs. treated by one way ANOVA.