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Review
. 2021 Oct 29;11(11):1602.
doi: 10.3390/biom11111602.

KCNQ1OT1: An Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNA

Patrice Cagle  1 , Qi Qi  1 , Suryakant Niture  1 , Deepak Kumar  1
Affiliations
Review

KCNQ1OT1: An Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNA

Patrice Cagle et al. Biomolecules. .

Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins but regulate gene expression. Recent studies indicate that lncRNAs are involved in the modulation of biological functions in human disease. KCNQ1 Opposite Strand/Antisense Transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) encodes a lncRNA from the opposite strand of KCNQ1 in the CDKN1C/KCNQ1OT1 cluster that is reported to play a vital role in the development and progression of cancer. KCNQ1OT1 regulates cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion, metastasis, glucose metabolism, and immune evasion. The aberrant expression of KCNQ1OT1 in cancer patients is associated with poor prognosis and decreased survival. This review summarizes recent literature related to the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of KCNQ1OT1 in various human cancers, including colorectal, bladder, breast, oral, melanoma, osteosarcoma, lung, glioma, ovarian, liver, acute myeloid leukemia, prostate, and gastric. We also discuss the role of KCNQ1OT1 as a promising diagnostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in human cancers.

Keywords: KCNQ1OT1; competing endogenous RNA; human cancers; long noncoding RNA.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of imprinted gene clusters on human chromosome 11p15.5.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Interactions between KCNQ1OT1 and miRNA/genes in different kinds of human cancers. KCNQ1OT1 can interact with various miRNAs and genes in different tumor types (a), including female-specific cancers (b). Created with BioRender.com.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanisms of KCNQ1OT1 in cancer. (a) KCNQ1OT1 interacts with miRNAs as ceRNAs, reducing the interaction between the miRNA and mRNA; (b) KCNQ1OT1 binds with target proteins, and (c) KCNQ1OT1 participates in the transduction of different signal pathways. Then, KCNQ1OT1 can exert its function to regulate tumorigenesis by influencing cancer hallmarks. Created with BioRender.com.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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