Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

doi:10.3390/children8111044

. 2021 Nov 12;8(11):1044.

doi: 10.3390/children8111044.

Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Leandro Teixeira Cacau^{1

2}, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo^{2

3}, Alba M Santaliestra-Pasías^{2

3

4

5}, Natalia Giménez-Legarre^{2

4}, Dirce Maria Marchioni¹, Cristina Molina-Hidalgo⁶, Laura Censi⁷, Marcela González-Gross^{3

8}, Evangelia Grammatikaki^{9

10}, Christina Breidenassel^{8

11}, Thaïs De Ruyter¹⁰, Mathilde Kersting¹², Frederic Gottrand¹³, Odysseas Androutsos^{9

14}, Sonia Gómez-Martinez¹⁵, Anthony Kafatos¹⁶, Kurt Widhalm¹⁷, Peter Stehle¹¹, Dénes Molnár¹⁸, Yannis Manios^{9

19}, Stefaan De Henauw¹⁰, Luis A Moreno^{2

3

4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
² Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Facutlad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
³ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
⁴ Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
⁵ Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
⁶ Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
⁷ Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00178 Rome, Italy.
⁸ ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
⁹ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece.
¹⁰ Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, P/A UZ 4K3, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
¹¹ Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
¹² Research Department of Child Nutrition, University Hospital of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44791 Bochum, Germany.
¹³ Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation (INFINITE), University Lille, CHU Lille, U1286, F-59000 Lille, France.
¹⁴ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.
¹⁵ Immunonutrition Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
¹⁶ Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece.
¹⁷ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
¹⁸ Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
¹⁹ Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, 71410 Heraklion, Greece.

PMID: 34828758
PMCID: PMC8621138
DOI: 10.3390/children8111044

Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Leandro Teixeira Cacau et al. Children (Basel). 2021.

. 2021 Nov 12;8(11):1044.

doi: 10.3390/children8111044.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
² Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Facutlad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
³ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
⁴ Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragon (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
⁵ Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Aragon (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
⁶ Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
⁷ Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00178 Rome, Italy.
⁸ ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
⁹ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece.
¹⁰ Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, P/A UZ 4K3, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
¹¹ Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
¹² Research Department of Child Nutrition, University Hospital of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44791 Bochum, Germany.
¹³ Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation (INFINITE), University Lille, CHU Lille, U1286, F-59000 Lille, France.
¹⁴ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.
¹⁵ Immunonutrition Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
¹⁶ Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece.
¹⁷ Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
¹⁸ Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
¹⁹ Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, 71410 Heraklion, Greece.

PMID: 34828758
PMCID: PMC8621138
DOI: 10.3390/children8111044

Abstract

Obesity in children and adolescents is a public health problem and diet can play a major role in this condition. We aimed to identify sex-specific dietary patterns (DP) and to evaluate the association with overweight/obesity in European adolescents. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis with 2327 adolescents aged between 12.5 to 17.5 years from a multicenter study across Europe. The body mass index was categorized in "normal weight" and "overweight/obesity". Two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls were collected with a computerized self-reported software. Principal component factor analysis was used to identify DP. Mixed-effect logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the sex-specific DP and overweight/obesity outcome. As a result, we found three DP in boys (snacking and bread, Mediterranean diet, and breakfast) and four DP in girls (convenience, plant-based and eggs, Western, and breakfast). The association between DP and overweight/obesity highlights that those adolescents with higher adherence to the breakfast DP had lower odds for overweight/obesity, even after the inclusion of covariables in the adjustments. In European adolescents, the breakfast DP positively characterized by breakfast cereals, fruit, milk, and dairy and negatively characterized by sugar-sweetened beverages in boys and negatively characterized by cereals (pasta, rice, and others) in girls, was inversely associated with overweight/obesity.

Keywords: adolescents; breakfast; dietary patterns; obesity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Cited by

Impact of Pasta Intake on Body Weight and Body Composition: A Technical Review.
Sanders LM, Slavin J. Sanders LM, et al. Nutrients. 2023 Jun 9;15(12):2689. doi: 10.3390/nu15122689. Nutrients. 2023. PMID: 37375591 Free PMC article. Review.
The Mediating Role of Dietary Inflammatory Index in the Association between Eating Breakfast and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Sun M, Wang X, Wang L, Hu W, Yang Y, Yao N, Li J, Xie Z, Guo R, Wang Y, Li B. Sun M, et al. Nutrients. 2022 Oct 19;14(20):4378. doi: 10.3390/nu14204378. Nutrients. 2022. PMID: 36297064 Free PMC article.
Sex- and gender-based medicine in pediatric nutrition.
Tagi VM, Fiore G, Tricella C, Eletti F, Visioli A, Bona F, Zuccotti G, Corsello A, Verduci E. Tagi VM, et al. Ital J Pediatr. 2024 Sep 2;50(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s13052-024-01734-6. Ital J Pediatr. 2024. PMID: 39218991 Free PMC article. Review.
The Association between Breakfast Macronutrient Composition and Body Weight, in Preadolescence: An Epidemiological Study among Schoolchildren.
Kokkou S, Notara V, Kanellopoulou A, Antonogeorgos G, Rojas-Gil AP, Kornilaki EN, Lagiou A, Panagiotakos D. Kokkou S, et al. Children (Basel). 2022 Dec 13;9(12):1960. doi: 10.3390/children9121960. Children (Basel). 2022. PMID: 36553403 Free PMC article.
Importance of diet in children and adolescents with obesity and asthma.
Soczewka M, Kędzia A, Skowrońska B, Niechciał E. Soczewka M, et al. Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2024;30(2):91-96. doi: 10.5114/pedm.2024.140936. Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2024. PMID: 39026486 Free PMC article. Review.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet. 2017;390:2627–2642. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Park M.H., Falconer C., Viner R.M., Kinra S. The impact of childhood obesity on morbidity and mortality in adulthood: A systematic review. Obes. Rev. Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes. 2012;13:985–1000. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01015.x. - DOI - PubMed
1. Pulgarón E.R. Childhood obesity: A review of increased risk for physical and psychological comorbidities. Clin. Ther. 2013;35:A18–A32. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.12.014. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Rankin J., Matthews L., Cobley S., Han A., Sanders R., Wiltshire H.D., Baker J.S. Psychological consequences of childhood obesity: Psychiatric comorbidity and prevention. Adolesc. Health Med. Ther. 2016;7:125–146. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S101631. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Rolland-Cachera M.F. Childhood obesity: Current definitions and recommendations for their use. Int. J. Pediatric Obes. IJPO Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes. 2011;6:325–331. doi: 10.3109/17477166.2011.607458. - DOI - PubMed

Grants and funding

20/12326-1/São Paulo Research Foundation

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Research Materials
- NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program

[1] NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet. 2017;390:2627–2642. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet. 2017;390:2627–2642. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32129-3. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Park M.H., Falconer C., Viner R.M., Kinra S. The impact of childhood obesity on morbidity and mortality in adulthood: A systematic review. Obes. Rev. Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes. 2012;13:985–1000. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01015.x. - DOI - PubMed

[4] Park M.H., Falconer C., Viner R.M., Kinra S. The impact of childhood obesity on morbidity and mortality in adulthood: A systematic review. Obes. Rev. Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes. 2012;13:985–1000. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01015.x. - DOI - PubMed

[5] Pulgarón E.R. Childhood obesity: A review of increased risk for physical and psychological comorbidities. Clin. Ther. 2013;35:A18–A32. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.12.014. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Pulgarón E.R. Childhood obesity: A review of increased risk for physical and psychological comorbidities. Clin. Ther. 2013;35:A18–A32. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.12.014. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Rankin J., Matthews L., Cobley S., Han A., Sanders R., Wiltshire H.D., Baker J.S. Psychological consequences of childhood obesity: Psychiatric comorbidity and prevention. Adolesc. Health Med. Ther. 2016;7:125–146. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S101631. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Rankin J., Matthews L., Cobley S., Han A., Sanders R., Wiltshire H.D., Baker J.S. Psychological consequences of childhood obesity: Psychiatric comorbidity and prevention. Adolesc. Health Med. Ther. 2016;7:125–146. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S101631. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Rolland-Cachera M.F. Childhood obesity: Current definitions and recommendations for their use. Int. J. Pediatric Obes. IJPO Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes. 2011;6:325–331. doi: 10.3109/17477166.2011.607458. - DOI - PubMed

[10] Rolland-Cachera M.F. Childhood obesity: Current definitions and recommendations for their use. Int. J. Pediatric Obes. IJPO Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes. 2011;6:325–331. doi: 10.3109/17477166.2011.607458. - DOI - PubMed

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Affiliations

Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Research Materials

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Related information

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Research Materials