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Review
. 2021 Nov 17;26(22):6922.
doi: 10.3390/molecules26226922.

The Future of Carica papaya Leaf Extract as an Herbal Medicine Product

Maywan Hariono  1 , Jeffry Julianus  1 , Ipang Djunarko  1 , Irwan Hidayat  2 , Lintang Adelya  1 , Friska Indayani  1 , Zerlinda Auw  1 , Gabriel Namba  1 , Pandu Hariyono  1
Affiliations
Review

The Future of Carica papaya Leaf Extract as an Herbal Medicine Product

Maywan Hariono et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Carica papaya (papaya) leaf extract has been used for a long time in a traditional medicine to treat fever in some infectious diseases such as dengue, malaria, and chikungunya. The development of science and technology has subsequently made it possible to provide evidence that this plant is not only beneficial as an informal medication, but also that it has scientifically proven pharmacological and toxicological activities, which have led to its formal usage in professional health care systems. The development of formulations for use in nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals has caused this product to be more valuable nowadays. The use of good manufacturing practice (GMP) standards, along with the ease of registering this product facilitated by policies of the national government, will absolutely increase the value of papaya leaf extract as a vital nutraceutical and cosmeceutical products in the near future. In this article, we review the potential of papaya leaf extract to be a high-value commodity in terms of its health effects as well as its industrial benefits.

Keywords: Carica papaya; extract; future; herbal; leaf; medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The representative compounds deposited in papaya leaf from each class: (a) apigenin, (b) myricetin 3-rhanmnoside, (c) 2S-sambunigrin, (d) 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin, (e) ferulic acid, (f) 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, (g) carpaine, and (h) anthraquinone [79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88].
Figure 2
Figure 2
A homodimer of 2.1 Å resolution structure of the complex obtained by aerated overnight conjugation of [(Z6-benzene)Ru(1-{5-[bis(pyridin-2-yl)]pentyl}pyrrole-2,5-dione)Cl]Cl with papain. The protein is presented in a cyan ribbon and the ligand is in a pink stick model for C, and blue for N.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Illustration of (a) the life cycle of dengue virus (modified from [108]), and (b) the DENV2 NS2B/NS3 protease, retrieved from PDB 2FOM, processing polyprotein cleavages either co-translationally or post-translationally [109].
Figure 4
Figure 4
The chemical structures of (a) violaxanthin and (b) zeaxanthin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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