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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 Nov 17;13(11):4118.
doi: 10.3390/nu13114118.

The Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on Diabetes Prevention by Ethnicity: A Systematic Review of Intervention Characteristics Using the TIDieR Framework

Mingling Chen  1 , Gebresilasea Gendisha Ukke  1 , Lisa J Moran  1 , Surbhi Sood  1 , Christie J Bennett  2 , Mahnaz Bahri Khomami  1 , Pilvikki Absetz  3 , Helena Teede  1   4 , Cheryce L Harrison  1   4 , Siew Lim  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on Diabetes Prevention by Ethnicity: A Systematic Review of Intervention Characteristics Using the TIDieR Framework

Mingling Chen et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Lifestyle intervention is effective in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the efficacy of intervention components across different ethnic groups is less clear. This systematic review examined the effects of intervention characteristics of lifestyle interventions on diabetes incidence and weight loss by ethnicity using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) framework. MEDLINE, EMBASE and other databases were searched for randomized and non-randomized controlled trials on lifestyle interventions (diet and/or physical activity) in adults at risk of T2DM. Ethnicity was categorized into European, South Asian, East and Southeast Asian, Middle Eastern, Latin American and African groups. Forty-five studies (18,789 participants) were included in the systematic review and 41 studies in meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed a high number of intervention sessions was significantly associated with a greater reduction in diabetes incidence (P = 0.043) and weight (P = 0.015), while other intervention characteristics including intervention provider and delivery format did not alter the outcomes (all P > 0.05). Additionally, narrative synthesis showed long-term interventions (≥12 months) were associated with significant diabetes risk reduction for all ethnic groups, while short-term interventions (<12 months) were more effective in weight loss in most ethnic groups. There may be ethnic preferences for the optimal number of intervention sessions.

Keywords: ethnicity; lifestyle intervention; systematic review; type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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