The Association between Habitual Green Tea Consumption and Comprehensive Frailty as Assessed by Kihon Checklist Indexes among an Older Japanese Population

Abstract

Background: It is unclear whether habitual green tea consumption is related to comprehensive frailty.

Objectives: We conducted this study to investigate this relationship among an elderly Japanese population.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of baseline data from 2012. The study included 5668 Japanese participants (2766 men and 2902 women aged 65 years or older). The subjects completed a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire that included questions on their green tea consumption. We evaluated comprehensive frailty using a 25-item Kihon Checklist (KCL), which comprised seven domains (instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), physical function, malnutrition, oral or eating function, socialization and housebound, cognitive function, and depression). Frailty was defined as a KCL score greater than or equal to seven.

Results: We found that a higher consumption of green tea was associated with a lower prevalence of comprehensive frailty in both sexes. Further age-stratified analysis showed that a higher consumption of green tea among women was associated with a lower prevalence of comprehensive frailty, regardless of age. In men, however, this association was found only in the older age groups. An analysis of the association between green tea consumption and the frailty subdomains showed that green tea consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of oral dysfunction and cognitive problems in both sexes. In addition, only in women was higher green tea consumption found to be associated with a lower prevalence of IADL and mobility-related disability problems.

Conclusions: Green tea consumption is inversely associated with the prevalence of comprehensive frailty in Japanese men and women. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm this association.

Keywords: Kihon Checklist; comprehensive frailty; green tea.

Figure 1

Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the seven subdomains that constitute comprehensive frailty according to green tea consumption. Adjusted for age (years), body mass index (kg/m²), total energy intake (kcal/day), alcohol status (everyday, sometimes, seldom, or never), smoking status (everyday, sometimes, former, or never), vegetable intake, fruit intake, and coffee consumption (almost none, <1 cup/day, 1–2 cups/day, ≥3 cups/day).