BROWSE: A multicentre comparison of nine year outcomes in acellular dermal matrix based and complete submuscular implant-based immediate breast reconstruction-aesthetics, capsular contracture and patient reported outcomes

Abstract

Approximately 60% of implant-based breast reconstructions (IBBR) are performed with an acellular dermal matrix (ADM), for which, reliable, good quality long-term outcome data is limited. In a retrospective multicentre cohort study, we aimed to determine long-term aesthetic and quality of life outcomes of IBBR with ADM (Strattice™) compared to a submuscular technique.

Methods: Capsular contracture (Baker III/IV capsule) was determined by clinical examination by an independent researcher. Quality of life was assessed using BREAST-Q and aesthetic outcome by photographic assessment from a breast surgeon, breast care nurse and lay person, blinded to reconstruction type.

Results: We recruited 117 (51 bilateral) patients with ADM reconstructions, median follow-up 62 months (range 29-113) and 49 patients (16 bilateral) with submuscular reconstructions, median follow-up 76 months (range 38-111). 17 (10.1%) ADM reconstructions were Baker 3/4 compared to six (9.2%) submuscular (p = 0.85). Of the Baker 1/2 reconstructions six (3.6%) ADM and eight (13.6%) submuscular had previously undergone revision surgery to correct capsular contracture (p = 0.01). Combining both findings gave an estimated rate of capsular contracture of 13.6% in the ADM group and 21.2% in the submuscular (p = 0.14). A higher mean score for satisfaction with breasts was demonstrated when comparing ADM to submuscular (62 and 55, respectively; p = 0.01) but no significant difference in other BREAST-Q domains. The mean 'general satisfaction' score was higher in the ADM group for all three photograph assessors.

Conclusion: This study provides evidence of improved aesthetic outcome and reduction in capsular contracture with ADM reconstruction when compared to submuscular, consistent over long-term follow-up.

Keywords: Acellular dermal matrix; Breast; Implant; Reconstruction; Strattice.