Failure of methylprednisolone to protect acutely ischemic myocardium: a contrast with subsequent beta-adrenergic blockade in man

Abstract

Two grams of methylprednisolone was administratered to ten patients with acute myocardial infarction at an average of 13 hours from the onset of symptoms; pain in the chest was not relieved in six of the ten patients. In one hour, no significant improvement was noted in the function of the ischemic segments (examined using a multiaxis echocardiographic method) or in the S-T segments of the 12-lead electrocardiogram. Left ventricular filling pressure soon increased by an average of 4 mm Hg (P less than 0.005), without ventricular dilatation or a Frank-Starling response, suggesting a decrease (ischemic?) in myocardial compliance. Cardiac output by Swan-Ganz thermodilution later increased by 21 percent (P less than 0.01) when a decrease in peripheral vasoconstriction was evident. In contrast, small-dose beta-adrenergic blockade using 0.2 mg of pindolol intravenously after administration of methylprednisolone immediately relieved pain in the chest in all six patients. Elevation of the S-T segments was reduced by 34 percent (P less than 0.05) within 15 minutes, and the contractile function of the ischemic segments improved markedly, by 3 mm or to 34 percent of normal, from the 4 percent of normal before administration of pindolol (P less than 0.005). Hemodynamic function did not deteriorate in the eight patients with uncomplicated infarction or moderate left ventricular failure. Therapy with pindolol thus reduced clinical, electrocardiographic, and myocardial mechanical signs of acute ischemia safely, while administration of methylprednisolone had no short-term protective effect.