All authors have seen and approved the final manuscript. Dr. Emens is an expert witness in legal cases, including those involving Teva Pharmaceuticals USA Inc., Apotex Inc., Apotex Corp., MSN Pharmaceuticals Inc., and MSN Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Dr. Klerman has received travel support from the Sleep Research Society, Santa Fe Institute, DGSM (German Sleep Society); consulted with The Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, The National Sleep Foundation, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Circadian Therapeutics; and her partner owns Chronsulting. Dr. Czeisler reports grants and contracts to Brigham and Women’s Hospital from Dayzz Live Well, Delta Airlines, Jazz Pharma, Puget Sound Pilots, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals/Sanofi; is/was a paid consultant/speaker for Inselspital Bern, Institute of Digital Media and Child Development, Klarman Family Foundation, M. Davis and Co., National Council for Mental Wellbeing, National Sleep Foundation, Physician’s Seal, SRS Foundation, State of Washington Board of Pilotage Commissioners, Tencent, Teva Pharma Australia, With Deep, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals, in which Dr. Czeisler holds an equity interest; received travel support from Aspen Brain Institute, Bloomage International Investment Group Inc., Dr. Stanley Ho Medical Development Foundation, German National Academy of Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, National Highway Transportation Safety Administration, National Safety Council, National Sleep Foundation, Salk Institute for Biological Studies/Fondation Ipsen, Society for Research on Biological Rhythms, Stanford Medical School Alumni Association, Tencent Holdings Ltd, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals; receives research/education gifts through Brigham and Women’s Hospital from Arbor Pharmaceuticals, Avadel Pharmaceuticals, Bryte, Alexandra Drane, Cephalon, DR Capital Ltd, Eisai, Harmony Biosciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson, Mary Ann & Stanley Snider via Combined Jewish Philanthropies, NeuroCare Inc., Optum, Philips Respironics, Regeneron, Regional Home Care, ResMed, San Francisco Bar Pilots, Sanofi SA, Schneider, Simmons, Sleep Cycle, Sleep Number, Sysco, Teva Pharmaceuticals, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals; is/was an expert witness in legal cases, including those involving Advanced Power Technologies, Aegis Chemical Solutions, Amtrak, Casper Sleep Inc., C&J Energy Services, Catapult Energy Services Group, Covenant Testing Technologies, Dallas Police Association, Enterprise Rent-A-Car, Espinal Trucking/Eagle Transport Group/Steel Warehouse Inc., FedEx, Greyhound, Pomerado Hospital/Palomar Health District, PAR Electrical Contractors, Product & Logistics Services LLC/Schlumberger Technology, Puckett EMS, Puget Sound Pilots, Union Pacific Railroad, UPS, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals; serves as the incumbent of an endowed professorship given to Harvard by Cephalon; and receives royalties from McGraw-Hill and Philips Respironics for the Actiwatch-2 and Actiwatch Spectrum devices. Dr. Czeisler’s interests were reviewed and are managed by the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Mass General Brigham in accordance with their conflict-of-interest policies.