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. 2021 Dec 15;7(12):e33739.
doi: 10.2196/33739.

COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions, Intentions, and Uptake Among Young Adults in the United States: Prospective College-Based Cohort Study

Stephen Gurley #  1   2 , Brady Bennett  2 , Patrick Sean Sullivan  2 , Maryellen Kiley  3 , Jamie Linde  3 , David Szczerbacki  3 , Jodie Guest  1   2
Affiliations

COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions, Intentions, and Uptake Among Young Adults in the United States: Prospective College-Based Cohort Study

Stephen Gurley et al. JMIR Public Health Surveill. .

Abstract

Background: Uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among US young adults, particularly those that belong to racial and ethnic minorities, remains low compared to their older peers. Understanding vaccine perceptions and their influence on vaccination uptake among this population remains crucial to achieving population herd immunity.

Objective: We sought to study perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines as well as intended and actual vaccine uptake among one population of college students, faculty, and staff.

Methods: As part of a larger study aimed at investigating the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission, serology, and perception on a college campus, participants were asked about their views on the COVID-19 vaccine in February 2021. Vaccination status was assessed by self-report in April 2021. Logistic regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios with marginal standardization.

Results: We found that non-White participants were 25% less likely to report COVID-19 vaccination compared to White participants. Among those who were unvaccinated, Black and other non-White participants were significantly more likely to indicate they were unwilling to receive a COVID-19 vaccine compared to White participants. The most common reason for unwillingness to receive the vaccine was belief that the vaccine approval process was rushed.

Conclusions: There are racial differences in perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine among young adults, and these differences might differentially impact vaccine uptake among young racial and ethnic minorities. Efforts to increase vaccine uptake among college populations might require campaigns specifically tailored to these minority groups.

Keywords: COVID-19; cohort; college; demographic; hesitancy; higher education; intention; minority; perception; prospective; race; uptake; vaccine; young adult.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Percentage of participants who self-reported they are unlikely to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Only those who were unvaccinated at each time point were asked this question (N=341 for time point 1 and N=105 for time point 2). HCW: health care worker.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percentage of participants who believed the COVID-19 vaccine was approved too quickly. This question was directed to the entire cohort (N=451 for time point 1 and N=365 for time point 2). HCW: health care worker.
Figure 3
Figure 3
COVID-19 vaccine willingness in February 2021, and follow-up vaccine uptake in April 2021. Participants’ self-reported willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in February 2021 and self-reported vaccine status as of late April 2021. Fisher exact t test revealed a significant (P<.001) difference in the distribution of baseline vaccine willingness among those unvaccinated versus vaccinated in April 2021.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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