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. 2023 Aug;67(10-11):1017-1036.
doi: 10.1177/0306624X211062161. Epub 2021 Dec 1.

Self Perceptions and Cognitions of Child Sexual Exploitation Material Offenders

Chad M S Steel  1   2 , Emily Newman  1 , Suzanne O'Rourke  1 , Ethel Quayle  1
Affiliations

Self Perceptions and Cognitions of Child Sexual Exploitation Material Offenders

Chad M S Steel et al. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2023 Aug.

Abstract

Identifying the self-perceptions of child sexual exploitation material (CSEM) consumers compared to a reference population of non-consumers is critical in establishing distorted cognitions that may not be elucidated when comparison is made with groups who have committed other offenses. This exploratory work utilizes a quantitative approach toward identifying how individuals previously convicted of child pornography offenses view CSEM and CSEM offending, using a group of non-offenders as a baseline. The target group was selected based on their inclusion in two sex offender registries for child pornography offenses (n = 78). A reference group of non-offenders (n = 254) was gender-matched from a subset of a prior study evaluating the public perceptions of CSEM. Both groups were adults located within the United States and were asked questions using an online survey about their general perceptions of CSEM, their endorsement of CSEM beliefs, and their opinions related to the legality of various forms of CSEM and associated laws and sentencing guidelines. The study found that CSEM consumers more accurately assessed risks associated with CSEM offending, but that they exhibited potential minimization-based cognitive distortions related to severity and victimization and more strongly endorsed child erotica and virtual child pornography being legal. Additionally, they endorsed treatment over prison, and were strongly opposed to sex offender registration for child pornography offenses. The results provide potential treatment targets, including behavioral areas that may be pathways to CSEM offending.

Keywords: child pornography; child sexual abuse material; child sexual exploitation material; cognitive distortions; self-perceptions; sex offender registration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Perceptions of the child pornography consumers related to risk.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Acceptability of CSEM viewing behaviors.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Views on child erotica and virtual CSEM.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Views on sentencing guidelines.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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