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. 2022 May;16(2):367-372.
doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1735907. Epub 2021 Dec 2.

Association of HPV and EBV in Oral Verrucous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Verrucous Hyperplasia

Eakapong Tamboon  1 , Phetmany Sihavong  2   3 , Nakarin Kitkumthorn  1 , Dusit Bumalee  3 , Tawepong Arayapisit  4 , Puangwan Lapthanasupkul  3
Affiliations

Association of HPV and EBV in Oral Verrucous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Verrucous Hyperplasia

Eakapong Tamboon et al. Eur J Dent. 2022 May.

Abstract

Objective: Oral verrucous squamous cell carcinoma or oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) is a rare verrucous variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which accounts for 2 to 12% of all oral carcinomas. Oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH) is clinically similar to OVC and has been proposed to be a precursor lesion of OVC. Etiopathogenesis of both lesions is still inconspicuous. Oncogenic viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been reported to be associated with some cases of OSCC, and we hypothesized that it may act as a causative agent of these verrucous lesions. This study aimed to investigate frequency of HPV and EBV infections in OVC and OVH.

Material and methods: Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a total of 35 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples, including 27 OVC samples and 8 OVH samples, were investigated for HPV and EBV infection. HeLa and B95-8 cell lines were used as positive controls of HPV and EBV PCR, respectively.

Results: All OVC and OVH samples show a positivity to GAPDH, whereas neither HPV nor EBV PCR products was detected in both OVC and OVH samples.

Conclusions: In summary, our study demonstrated that HPV and EBV are not involved in pathogenesis of OVC and OVH. Other etiologic factors contributing to OVC and OVH need to be further clarified.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Histopathologic features of oral verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (OVSCC) and oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH). ( A, C, E ) oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) showing papillary epithelial hyperplasia with bulbous rete ridges pushing into the connective tissue. ( B, D, F ) OVH showing epithelial proliferation with verrucous surface elevating from the adjacent normal epithelium.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The 1% (w/v) agarose gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Lane M: 100 bp ladder; Lane N: negative control; Lane 1 = positive control for human papillomavirus (HPV) (HeLa cell); Lane 2 =positive control for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) (B95-8 cell); Lane 3-5 = oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) samples; Lane 6-8 = oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH) samples. ( A ): Representative gel pictures showing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products positive for GAPDH (150 bp) in all samples of OVC and OVH. ( B ): Representative gel pictures showing PCR products negative for HPV, only positive control showed amplification (150 bp). ( C ): Representative gel pictures showing PCR products negative for EBV, only positive control showed amplification (129bp).
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