Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine: past, current & future

Abstract

The diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine can prevent diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis. The component antigens of the DTP vaccine had long been monovalent vaccines. The pertussis vaccine was licensed in 1914. The same year, the mixtures of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin were put into use. In 1926, alum-precipitated diphtheria toxoid was registered, and in 1937 adsorbed tetanus toxoid was put on the market. The development of numerous effective DTP vaccines quickly stimulated efforts to combine DTP with other routine vaccines for infants. This overview covers the most important information regarding the invention of DTP vaccines, their modifications and the needs that should be focused on in the future.

Keywords: DTP vaccine; acellular pertussis vaccine; animal and human trials; diphtheria; experimental vaccine; pertussis; prevention; tetanus; waning immunity; whole-cell pertussis vaccine.